Jennifer Zink1, Michele Nicolo1, Kellie Imm1, Shayan Ebrahimian1, Qihan Yu1, Kyuwan Lee2, Kaylie Zapanta3, Jimi Huh1, Genevieve F Dunton4, Michael I Goran5, Kathleen A Page6, Christina M Dieli-Conwright7, Britni R Belcher8. 1. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA. 2. Division of Outcome Research, Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, USA. 3. Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, USA. 4. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, USA. 5. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, USA. 6. Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA. 7. Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, USA. 8. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA. Electronic address: bbelcher@usc.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Circulating glucose may relate to affective and physical feeling states reflective of emotional disorder symptoms. No prior studies have investigated within-day associations between glucose and subsequent affective and physical feeling states (positive affect, negative affect, and fatigue) as they occur naturally among healthy adolescents; this pilot study assessed these associations by combining data collected from ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and continuous glucose monitors (CGM). METHODS: Participants (N = 15, mean age = 13.1[±1.0] years, 66.7% female, 40.0% Hispanic, 66.7% healthy weight) wore a CGM for 7-14 days. Simultaneously, participants reported on their current positive affect, negative affect, and fatigue randomly during specified windows up to 7 times daily via EMA. CGM-measured mean interstitial glucose was calculated during the time windows (mean minutes = 122.5[±47.3]) leading up to each EMA prompt. Multilevel models assessed within-subject (WS) associations between mean interstitial glucose since the previous EMA prompt and EMA-reported affective and physical feeling states at the current prompt. RESULTS: Participants provided 532 interstitial glucose-matched EMA reports of affective and physical feeling states. During intervals when interstitial glucose was higher than one's usual, higher positive affect (WS β = 0.01, p < .0001, f2 = 0.02) and lower fatigue (WS β = -0.01, p < .0001, f2 = 0.09) were subsequently reported. Interstitial glucose was unrelated to negative affect (WS β = -0.002, p = .10, f2 = 0.01). Associations were weakened, but remained significant following further adjustment for time of day. CONCLUSIONS: Though effect sizes were small, within-person variations in interstitial glucose may relate to subsequent affective and physical feeling states among healthy youth. Investigations using similar methodologies in larger, more diverse samples are warranted.
OBJECTIVE: Circulating glucose may relate to affective and physical feeling states reflective of emotional disorder symptoms. No prior studies have investigated within-day associations between glucose and subsequent affective and physical feeling states (positive affect, negative affect, and fatigue) as they occur naturally among healthy adolescents; this pilot study assessed these associations by combining data collected from ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and continuous glucose monitors (CGM). METHODS:Participants (N = 15, mean age = 13.1[±1.0] years, 66.7% female, 40.0% Hispanic, 66.7% healthy weight) wore a CGM for 7-14 days. Simultaneously, participants reported on their current positive affect, negative affect, and fatigue randomly during specified windows up to 7 times daily via EMA. CGM-measured mean interstitial glucose was calculated during the time windows (mean minutes = 122.5[±47.3]) leading up to each EMA prompt. Multilevel models assessed within-subject (WS) associations between mean interstitial glucose since the previous EMA prompt and EMA-reported affective and physical feeling states at the current prompt. RESULTS:Participants provided 532 interstitial glucose-matched EMA reports of affective and physical feeling states. During intervals when interstitial glucose was higher than one's usual, higher positive affect (WS β = 0.01, p < .0001, f2 = 0.02) and lower fatigue (WS β = -0.01, p < .0001, f2 = 0.09) were subsequently reported. Interstitial glucose was unrelated to negative affect (WS β = -0.002, p = .10, f2 = 0.01). Associations were weakened, but remained significant following further adjustment for time of day. CONCLUSIONS: Though effect sizes were small, within-person variations in interstitial glucose may relate to subsequent affective and physical feeling states among healthy youth. Investigations using similar methodologies in larger, more diverse samples are warranted.
Authors: Clarissa S Holmes; Rusan Chen; Randi Streisand; Donna E Marschall; Sari Souter; Erika E Swift; Catherine C Peterson Journal: J Pediatr Psychol Date: 2005-10-12
Authors: Jennifer Zink; Chih-Hsiang Yang; Jasmin M Alves; Kelsey L McAlister; Jimi Huh; Mary Ann Pentz; Kathleen A Page; Genevieve F Dunton; Britni R Belcher Journal: JMIR Form Res Date: 2022-06-10