Temporal variation of antibiotic resistance genes carried by culturable bacteria in the shrimp hepatopancreas and shrimp culture pond water.

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is a challenge to the health of humans, animals and the environments. Human activities and aquatic environments can increase ARGs. Few studies have focused on the temporal variation of aquatic bacteria with multiple ARGs in aquatic environments affected by human production activity. We studied culturable bacteria (CB) carrying ARGs, including sul1, sul2, floR, strA and gyrA in the shrimp hepatopancreas (HP) and in pond water during shrimp culture. The relative abundance of ARGs carried by CB in HP was higher than that in water (P < 0.05). However, CB carrying ARGs generally varied in random pattern. The correlation of sul2 abundance was significantly positive in HP, while that of strA abundance was significantly negative in water (P < 0.05) during shrimp culture. Among all of the CB, 33.59% carried multiple ARGs. Temporal distance-decay analysis indicated that CB carrying ARGs in water were more resistant to the effects of human activity. CB carrying ARGs varied temporally in HP and pond water during shrimp culture. These results demonstrate that multiple ARGs are carried by CB, and these varied with the phase of aquatic culture.