Transcriptomic profiling of differentially expressed genes and related pathways in different brain regions in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. However, the expression pattern and the differential gene in different brain regions and its functions remain unclear although many studies have been reported. In this present study, PD mouse model were build and four brain regions (cerebral cortex: CC, hippocampus: HP, striatum: ST, and cerebellum: CB) were separated for RNA-seq analysis. Results showed that different expressed genes were found between the different brain regions and more differential genes found in ST and HP when compared with control groups. Among them, Lrrk2, Mtor, Gxylt1, C920006o11Rik, Vdac1, Drd4, and Ncan showed the most significant to PD. PDCC vs. PDHP, PDHP vs. PDST and PDCC vs. PDST groups have 334, 722 and 495 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Functional analyses results showed that the differential genes mainly related with posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression and protein localization to organelle and so on, which involved in AMPK, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and GABA-ergic synapse. Network biology analysis showed LRRK2, DRD2, IGF-1, GNAI1, GNAI3, PRKACA, PPP2R5C, and PIK3R1 play a major role in protein regulation of PD. Therefore, HP and ST play more important roles in the development of PD and it is also suggested the potential target gene for diagnosis and treatment of PD.