| Literature DB >> 32428062 |
Mara Ilka Holanda de Medeiros Batista1, Marcília Ribeiro Paulino1, Kaline Silva Castro1, Luiz Alcino Monteiro Gueiros1, Jair Carneiro Leão1, Alessandra Albuquerque Tavares Carvalho1.
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence of syphilis and the associated risk factors in a female prison unit. Methods This was a cross-sectional study including 113 women whom data were collected in two stages: first, blood test to check for syphilis seropositivity; and then collection of information through a form to assess risk situations for sexually transmitted infections. Results Overall, syphilis prevalence was found to be 22.1% among the female prison population (n=25) and 28.6% among pregnant women. A statistically significant relationship was found between syphilis infection and previous history of sexually transmitted infections (p=0.04). However, most participants diagnosed with the disease were unaware of a history of sexually transmitted infection in the last 12 months (n=20/80.0%). The use of condom with fixed partners was considered to be a protective factor (odds ratio of 0.76; 95% of confidence interval 0.68-0.85). Conclusion The prevalence of syphilis among the female prison population was high, particularly among pregnant women. Preventive and therapeutic measures as well as appropriate prenatal care can minimize the impact of syphilis in prison systems and, consequently, improve such health outcomes nationwide.Entities:
Mesh:
Year: 2020 PMID: 32428062 PMCID: PMC7206982 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ao4978
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Einstein (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 1679-4508
Sociodemographic features of the individuals of the study
| Variable | Study subjects |
|---|---|
| Self-reported race | |
| Mixed race | 61 (54.0) |
| White | 37 (32.7) |
| Black | 13 (11.5) |
| Yellow | 2 (1.8) |
| Marital status | |
| Single | 72 (63.7) |
| Married/stable union | 29 (25.7) |
| Divorced | 10 (8.8) |
| Widowed | 2 (1.8) |
| Schooling, years | |
| None | 8 (7.1) |
| 1-3 | 28 (24.8) |
| 4-7 | 42 (37.2) |
| 8-11 | 21 (18.6) |
| 12 or more | 14 (12.4) |
Results are expressed as n (%).
Prevalence of syphilis and its association with risk factors
| Risk factor for syphilis | n | Positive n (%) | Negative n (%) | OR | OR 95%IC | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy | 113 | 1.44 | 0.26-7.93 | 0.48 | ||
| Yes | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | ||||
| No | 23 (21.7) | 83 (78.3) | ||||
| Partner | 98 | 0.83 | 0.26-2.63 | 0.48 | ||
| Homosexual | 5 (25.0) | 15 (75.0) | ||||
| Heterosexual | 17 (21.8) | 61 (78.2) | ||||
| Number of sexual partners (last 12 months) | 97 | 0.85 | 0.33-2.22 | 0.47 | ||
| 2 or more | 12 (24.0) | 38 (76.0) | ||||
| 1 | 10 (21.3) | 37 (78.7) | ||||
| STI history last 12 months | 113 | 4.15 | 1.09-15.72 | 0.04 | ||
| Yes | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | ||||
| No | 20 (19.4) | 83 (80.6) | ||||
| Use of condom/fixed partner | 110 | 0.76 | 0.68-0.85 | 0.09 | ||
| Never/occasionally | 24 (23.8) | 77 (76.2) | ||||
| Always | 0 | 9 (100.0) | ||||
| Use of condom/casual partner | 90 | 0.81 | 0.29-2.23 | 0.43 | ||
| Never/occasionally | 13 (22.0) | 46 (78.0) | ||||
| Always | 8 (25.8) | 23 (74.2) | ||||
| Use of injectable drugs | 113 | 3.62 | 0.21-60.11 | 0.39 | ||
| Yes | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | ||||
| No | 24 (21.6) | 87 (78.4) | ||||
| Use of non-injectable drugs | 113 | 0.88 | 0.36-2.14 | 0.48 | ||
| Yes | 12 (21.1) | 45 (78.9) | ||||
| No | 13 (23.2) | 43 (76.8) | ||||
| History of partners users of injectable drugs | 113 | |||||
| Yes | 5 (33.3) | 10 (66.7) | 1.95 | 0.59-6.35 | 0.21 | |
| No | 20 (20.4) | 78 (79.6) | ||||
| Frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages | 113 | 1.99 | 0.72-5.49 | 0.13 | ||
| Yes | 19 (26.0) | 54 (74.0) | ||||
| No | 6 (15.0) | 34 (85.0) |
* Statistical test: Fisher’s exact test; statistically significant at p<0.05. 95%CI: 95% of confidence interval 95%; OR: odds ratio; STI: sexually transmitted infections.
Características sociodemográficas dos participantes do estudo
| Variável | Participantes do estudo |
|---|---|
| Raça autorreferida | |
| Mestiça | 61 (54,0) |
| Branca | 37 (32,7) |
| Negra | 13 (11,5) |
| Amarelo | 2 (1,8) |
| Estado civil | |
| Solteiro | 72 (63,7) |
| Casado/União estável | 29 (25,7) |
| Divorciado | 10 (8,8) |
| Viúvo | 2 (1,8) |
| Escolaridade, anos | |
| Nenhuma | 8 (7,1) |
| 1-3 | 28 (24,8) |
| 4-7 | 42 (37,2) |
| 8-11 | 21 (18,6) |
| 12 ou mais | 14 (12,4) |
Resultados expressos por n (%).
Prevalência de sífilis e sua associação com fatores de risco
| Fator de risco para sífilis | n | Positivo n (%) | Negativo n (%) | OR | OR IC95% | Valor de p* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gravidez | 113 | 1,44 | 0,26-7,93 | 0,48 | ||
| Sim | 2 (28,6) | 5 (71,4) | ||||
| Não | 23 (21,7) | 83 (78,3) | ||||
| Parceiro | 98 | 0,83 | 0,26-2,63 | 0,48 | ||
| Homossexual | 5 (25,0) | 15 (75,0) | ||||
| Heterossexual | 17 (21,8) | 61 (78,2) | ||||
| Número de parceiros sexuais nos últimos 12 meses | 97 | 0,85 | 0,33-2,22 | 0,47 | ||
| 2 ou mais | 12 (24,0) | 38 (76,0) | ||||
| 1 | 10 (21,3) | 37 (78,7) | ||||
| Histórico de DST nos últimos 12 meses | 113 | 4,15 | 1,09-15,72 | 0,04 | ||
| Sim | 5 (50,0) | 5 (50,0) | ||||
| Não | 20 (19,4) | 83 (80,6) | ||||
| Uso de preservativos/parceiro fixo | 110 | 0,76 | 0,68-0,85 | 0,09 | ||
| Nunca/ocasionalmente | 24 (23,8) | 77 (76,2) | ||||
| Sempre | 0 | 9 (100,0) | ||||
| Uso de preservativos/parceiro casual | 90 | 0,81 | 0,29-2,23 | 0,43 | ||
| Nunca/ocasionalmente | 13 (22,0) | 46 (78,0) | ||||
| Sempre | 8 (25,8) | 23 (74,2) | ||||
| Uso de drogas injetáveis | 113 | 3,62 | 0,21-60,11 | 0,39 | ||
| Sim | 1 (50,0) | 1 (50,0) | ||||
| Não | 24 (21,6) | 87 (78,4) | ||||
| Uso de drogas não injetáveis | 113 | 0,88 | 0,36-2,14 | 0,48 | ||
| Sim | 12 (21,1) | 45 (78,9) | ||||
| Não | 13 (23,2) | 43 (76,8) | ||||
| Histórico de parceiros usuários de droga | 113 | |||||
| Sim | 5 (33,3) | 10 (66,7) | 1,95 | 0,59-6,35 | 0,21 | |
| Não | 20 (20,4) | 78 (79,6) | ||||
| Consumo frequente de bebidas alcoólicas | 113 | 1,99 | 0,72-5,49 | 0,13 | ||
| Sim | 19 (26,0) | 54 (74,0) | ||||
| Não | 6 (15,0) | 34 (85,0) |
* Teste estatístico: teste exato de Fisher; estatisticamente significante em p<0,05. IC95%: intervalo de confiança de 95%; OR: odds ratio; DST: Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis.