Joshua E Reuss1,2,3, Karthik Suresh4, Jarushka Naidoo5,6,7. 1. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Jreuss1@jhmi.edu. 2. Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Jreuss1@jhmi.edu. 3. Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 201 N. Broadway, Viragh Building Box 6, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. Jreuss1@jhmi.edu. 4. Division of Pulmonary Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. 5. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Jnaidoo1@jhmi.edu. 6. Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Jnaidoo1@jhmi.edu. 7. Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, 201 N. Broadway, Viragh Building Box 6, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. Jnaidoo1@jhmi.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a toxicity of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) that can be highly morbid and at times fatal. Here, we review the proposed biologic mechanisms of CIP, epidemiology and risk factors for CIP development, diagnostic work-up and management strategies for CIP, and future directions of CIP research. RECENT FINDINGS: CIP incidence appears to be greater in real-world populations and may continue to rise as FDA approvals for ICB continue to expand to multiple malignancies. Multiple retrospective studies and case series have identified potential risk factors for CIP. Several society guidelines have helped to unify the classification of CIP severity and standardize treatment approaches but significant gaps remain, including formal validated diagnostic criteria for CIP. While significant strides have been made in enhancing the knowledge and management of CIP, ongoing research is needed to continue to advance our understanding of the biologic underpinnings of CIP, as well as optimize diagnostic and management strategies for this potentially devastating toxicity.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a toxicity of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) that can be highly morbid and at times fatal. Here, we review the proposed biologic mechanisms of CIP, epidemiology and risk factors for CIP development, diagnostic work-up and management strategies for CIP, and future directions of CIP research. RECENT FINDINGS:CIP incidence appears to be greater in real-world populations and may continue to rise as FDA approvals for ICB continue to expand to multiple malignancies. Multiple retrospective studies and case series have identified potential risk factors for CIP. Several society guidelines have helped to unify the classification of CIP severity and standardize treatment approaches but significant gaps remain, including formal validated diagnostic criteria for CIP. While significant strides have been made in enhancing the knowledge and management of CIP, ongoing research is needed to continue to advance our understanding of the biologic underpinnings of CIP, as well as optimize diagnostic and management strategies for this potentially devastating toxicity.
Authors: Mingjia Li; Daniel Spakowicz; Songzhu Zhao; Sandip H Patel; Andrew Johns; Madison Grogan; Abdul Miah; Marium Husain; Kai He; Erin M Bertino; Peter G Shields; Lai Wei; David P Carbone; Gregory A Otterson; Carolyn J Presley; Dwight H Owen Journal: Cancer Immunol Immunother Date: 2020-07-29 Impact factor: 6.968
Authors: Ziad Bakouny; Jessica E Hawley; Toni K Choueiri; Solange Peters; Brian I Rini; Jeremy L Warner; Corrie A Painter Journal: Cancer Cell Date: 2020-10-01 Impact factor: 38.585