André Hajek1, Christian Brettschneider2, Carolin van der Leeden3, Dagmar Lühmann3, Anke Oey4, Birgitt Wiese4, Siegfried Weyerer5, Jochen Werle5, Angela Fuchs6, Michael Pentzek6, Susanne Röhr7, Margrit Löbner8, Edelgard Mösch9, Horst Bickel9, Kathrin Heser10, Michael Wagner11, Martin Scherer3, Wolfgang Maier11, Steffi G Riedel-Heller7, Hans-Helmut König2. 1. Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. Electronic address: a.hajek@uke.de. 2. Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. 3. Department of Primary Medical Care, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. 4. Institute of General Practice, Hannover Medical School, Germany. 5. Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. 6. Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany. 7. Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany. 8. Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany; Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig, Germany. 9. Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Germany. 10. Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany. 11. Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and to identify factors associated with obesity, among the oldest old. METHODS: For this study, data from follow-up (FU) wave 7 and FU wave 8 of the "Study on Needs, Health Service Use, Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Sample of Oldest-Old Primary Care Patients (85+)" (AgeQualiDe) were used. At FU wave 7, the mean age was 88.9 years (SD: 2.9; 85-100 years). Body-mass-index (BMI) categories were defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds: underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m²), overweight (25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²). Longitudinal regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with obesity. RESULTS: At FU wave 7, 3.0 % were underweight, 48.9 % were normal weight, 37.9 % were overweight, and 10.2 % were obese. Regressions showed that the probability of obesity decreased with age (OR: 0.77 [95 % CI: .593-.999]) and less chronic conditions (OR: 1.32 [95 % CI: 1.11-1.57]). The probability of obesity was not associated with sex, educational level, marital status, social isolation, visual impairment, hearing impairment, depression, and dementia. CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the individuals in very late life had excess weight. Thus, excess weight remains a major challenge, even in very old age. Given the demographic ageing in upcoming decades, this is an issue which we should be aware of.
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and to identify factors associated with obesity, among the oldest old. METHODS: For this study, data from follow-up (FU) wave 7 and FU wave 8 of the "Study on Needs, Health Service Use, Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Sample of Oldest-Old Primary Care Patients (85+)" (AgeQualiDe) were used. At FU wave 7, the mean age was 88.9 years (SD: 2.9; 85-100 years). Body-mass-index (BMI) categories were defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds: underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m²), overweight (25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²). Longitudinal regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with obesity. RESULTS: At FU wave 7, 3.0 % were underweight, 48.9 % were normal weight, 37.9 % were overweight, and 10.2 % were obese. Regressions showed that the probability of obesity decreased with age (OR: 0.77 [95 % CI: .593-.999]) and less chronic conditions (OR: 1.32 [95 % CI: 1.11-1.57]). The probability of obesity was not associated with sex, educational level, marital status, social isolation, visual impairment, hearing impairment, depression, and dementia. CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the individuals in very late life had excess weight. Thus, excess weight remains a major challenge, even in very old age. Given the demographic ageing in upcoming decades, this is an issue which we should be aware of.
Authors: Carmen Galán-Arroyo; Damián Pereira-Payo; Ángel Denche-Zamorano; Miguel A Hernández-Mocholí; Eugenio Merellano-Navarro; Jorge Pérez-Gómez; Jorge Rojo-Ramos; José Carmelo Adsuar Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-03-10 Impact factor: 3.390