Mediastinal ganglioneuroma diagnosed by transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA).

Ganglioneuromas are rare benign tumors that arise from the sympathetic nerve fibers and represent the final maturation stage of neuroblast tumors. The most common sites of involvement in the body include posterior mediastinum, followed by retroperitoneum, adrenal gland, and soft tissues of the head and neck. In the mediastinum, this tumor is most frequently located in posterior compartment, together with other neurogenic tumors. The reports of mediastinal ganglioneuroma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA), especially endoscopic ultrasound-guided FNA (EUS-FNA) are very sparse. We describe the clinical, radiologic, cytologic, gross and histologic features of mediastinal ganglioneuroma diagnosed by transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration.