Jian Wu1,2, Yiying Huang1, Changli Tu1, Chunping Bi1, Zhigang Chen3, Liyun Luo4, Mingxing Huang5, Meizhu Chen1, Cuiyan Tan1, Zhenguo Wang1, Kongqiu Wang1, YingJian Liang1, Jin Huang1, Xiaobin Zheng1, Jing Liu1,2. 1. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. 2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. 3. Department of Neurology, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. 4. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China. 5. Department of Infectious Diseases, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To illustrate the extent of transmission, identify affecting risk factors and estimate epidemiological modeling parameters of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in household setting. METHODS: We enrolled 35 confirmed index cases and their 148 household contacts, January 2020-February 2020, in Zhuhai, China. All participants were interviewed and asked to complete questionnaires. Household contacts were then prospectively followed active symptom monitoring through the 21-day period and nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swabs were collected at 3-7 days intervals. Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical data (when available) were collected. RESULTS: Assuming that all these secondary cases were infected by their index cases, the second infection rate in household context is 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.4%-44.4%), with 10.4% of secondary cases being asymptomatic. Multivariate analysis showed that household contacts with underlying medical conditions, a history of direct exposure to Wuhan and its surrounding areas, and shared vehicle with an index patient were associated with higher susceptibility. Household members without protective measures after illness onset of the index patient seem to increase the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The median incubation period and serial interval within household were estimated to be 4.3 days (95% CI: 3.4-5.3 days) and 5.1 days (95% CI: 4.3-6.2 days), respectively. CONCLUSION: Early isolation of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and prioritizing rapid contact investigation, followed by active symptom monitoring and periodic laboratory evaluation, should be initiated immediately after confirming patients to address the underlying determinants driving the continuing pandemic.
BACKGROUND: To illustrate the extent of transmission, identify affecting risk factors and estimate epidemiological modeling parameters of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in household setting. METHODS: We enrolled 35 confirmed index cases and their 148 household contacts, January 2020-February 2020, in Zhuhai, China. All participants were interviewed and asked to complete questionnaires. Household contacts were then prospectively followed active symptom monitoring through the 21-day period and nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swabs were collected at 3-7 days intervals. Epidemiological, demographic, and clinical data (when available) were collected. RESULTS: Assuming that all these secondary cases were infected by their index cases, the second infection rate in household context is 32.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.4%-44.4%), with 10.4% of secondary cases being asymptomatic. Multivariate analysis showed that household contacts with underlying medical conditions, a history of direct exposure to Wuhan and its surrounding areas, and shared vehicle with an index patient were associated with higher susceptibility. Household members without protective measures after illness onset of the index patient seem to increase the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The median incubation period and serial interval within household were estimated to be 4.3 days (95% CI: 3.4-5.3 days) and 5.1 days (95% CI: 4.3-6.2 days), respectively. CONCLUSION: Early isolation of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and prioritizing rapid contact investigation, followed by active symptom monitoring and periodic laboratory evaluation, should be initiated immediately after confirming patients to address the underlying determinants driving the continuing pandemic.
Authors: Juan P Maestre; David Jarma; Jia-Rong F Yu; Jeffrey A Siegel; Sharon D Horner; Kerry A Kinney Journal: Sci Total Environ Date: 2021-03-09 Impact factor: 7.963
Authors: Arnaud G L'Huillier; Lara Danziger-Isakov; Abanti Chaudhuri; Michael Green; Marian G Michaels; Klara M Posfay-Barbe; Dimitri van der Linden; Anita Verma; Mignon McCulloch; Monica I Ardura Journal: Pediatr Transplant Date: 2021-03-10