Whole genome sequencing of four bacterial strains from South Shetland Trench revealing biosynthetic and environmental adaptation gene clusters.

Whole genome sequences of four bacterial strains Dietzia maris SST1, Pseudomonas zhaodongensis SST2, Pseudomonas sp. SST3 and Halomonas sulfidaeris SST4, recovered from the South Shetland Trench sediment in Antarctica were analyzed using Ion Torrent sequencing technology. The respective sizes of their genomes (3.88, 4.99, 5.60 and 4.25 Mb) and GC contents (70.0, 60.3, 59.9 and 53.8%) are in agreement with these values of other strains of the species. The bacterial strains displayed promising antimicrobial activity against a number of pathogenic bacterial and fungal species. Whole genomes have been assembled and biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) have been identified using the antibiotics and Secondary Metabolite Analysis Shell (antiSMASH) web platform. Comparative analysis of the genome sequences revealed that the strains host abundant BGCs encoding for terpenes, siderophores, arylpolyene, bacteriocins, and lassopeptides. Furthermore, the key stress-related genes were identified and their distribution provided an insight into how these isolates adapt to key marine environmental conditions. This comprehensive study is a contribution to understanding the nature of life on the deep-sea environments.