Abdul Khairul Rizki Purba1, Nina Mariana2, Gestina Aliska3, Sonny Hadi Wijaya4, Riyanti Retno Wulandari5, Usman Hadi6, Cahyo Wibisono Nugroho7, Jurjen van der Schans8, Maarten J Postma9. 1. Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Unit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics (PTE2), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: khairul_purba@fk.unair.ac.id. 2. Directorate of Research on Infectious and Communicable Diseases, Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 3. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. 4. Hospital Quality Assessment, Universitas Airlangga General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia. 5. Department of Pharmacy, Dinas Kesehatan Kota Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia. 6. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. 7. Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. 8. Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Faculty of Economics & Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 9. Department of Health Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Unit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology and -Economics (PTE2), Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Faculty of Economics & Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the burden of sepsis with focal infections in the resource-limited context of Indonesia and to propose national prices for sepsis reimbursement. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted from 2013-2016 on cost of surviving and non-surviving sepsis patients from a payer perspective using inpatient billing records in four hospitals. The national burden of sepsis was calculated and proposed national prices for reimbursement were developed. RESULTS: Of the 14,076 sepsis patients, 5,876 (41.7%) survived and 8,200 (58.3%) died. The mean hospital costs incurred per surviving and deceased sepsis patient were US$1,011 (SE ± 23.4) and US$1,406 (SE ± 27.8), respectively. The national burden of sepsis in 100,000 patients was estimated to be US$130 million. Sepsis patients with multifocal infections and a single focal lower-respiratory tract infection (LRTI) were estimated as being the two with the highest economic burden (US$48 million and US$33 million, respectively, within 100,000 sepsis patients). Sepsis with cardiovascular infection was estimated to warrant the highest proposed national price for reimbursement (US$4,256). CONCLUSIONS: Multifocal infections and LRTIs are the major focal infections with the highest burden of sepsis. This study showed varying cost estimates for sepsis, necessitating a new reimbursement system with adjustment of the national prices taking the particular foci into account.
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the burden of sepsis with focal infections in the resource-limited context of Indonesia and to propose national prices for sepsis reimbursement. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was conducted from 2013-2016 on cost of surviving and non-surviving sepsispatients from a payer perspective using inpatient billing records in four hospitals. The national burden of sepsis was calculated and proposed national prices for reimbursement were developed. RESULTS: Of the 14,076 sepsispatients, 5,876 (41.7%) survived and 8,200 (58.3%) died. The mean hospital costs incurred per surviving and deceased sepsispatient were US$1,011 (SE ± 23.4) and US$1,406 (SE ± 27.8), respectively. The national burden of sepsis in 100,000 patients was estimated to be US$130 million. Sepsispatients with multifocal infections and a single focal lower-respiratory tract infection (LRTI) were estimated as being the two with the highest economic burden (US$48 million and US$33 million, respectively, within 100,000 sepsispatients). Sepsis with cardiovascular infection was estimated to warrant the highest proposed national price for reimbursement (US$4,256). CONCLUSIONS:Multifocal infections and LRTIs are the major focal infections with the highest burden of sepsis. This study showed varying cost estimates for sepsis, necessitating a new reimbursement system with adjustment of the national prices taking the particular foci into account.
Authors: Romy Deviandri; Hugo C van der Veen; Andri M T Lubis; Ghuna A Utoyo; Inge van den Akker-Scheek; Maarten J Postma Journal: Clinicoecon Outcomes Res Date: 2022-07-17
Authors: Hussain Ahmed Raza; Ainan Arshad; Ahmed Ayaz; Mohummad H R Raja; Fatima Gauhar; Maria Khan; Bushra Jamil Journal: Crit Care Explor Date: 2020-11-09