Description of Citrobacter cronae sp. nov., isolated from human rectal swabs and stool samples.

Nine independent Gram-negative bacterial strains were isolated from rectal swabs or stool samples of immunocompromised patients from two different wards of a university hospital. All isolates were phylogenetically analysed based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence, housekeeping gene recN, multilocus sequence analysis of concatenated partial fusA, leuS, pyrG and rpoB sequences, and by whole genome sequencing data. The analysed strains of the new species cluster together and form a separate branch with Citrobacter werkmanii NBRC105721T as the most closely related species. An average nucleotide identity value of 95.9-96% and computation of digital DNA-DNA hybridization values separate the new species from all other type strains of the genus Citrobacter. Biochemical characteristics further delimit the isolates from closely related Citrobacter type strains. As a result of the described data, a new Citrobacter species is introduced, for which the name Citrobacter cronae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Tue2-1T with a G+C DNA content of 52.2 mol%.