Stefania Picascia1, Alessandra Camarca2, Monica Malamisura3, Roberta Mandile3, Martina Galatola3, Donatella Cielo3, Laura Gazza4, Gianfranco Mamone2, Salvatore Auricchio3,5, Riccardo Troncone3,5, Luigi Greco3,5, Renata Auricchio3,5, Carmen Gianfrani1,5. 1. Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino, 111, Napoli, Naples, 80131, Italy. 2. Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, Via Roma, 64, Avellino, 83100, Italy. 3. Department of Medical Translational Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Napoli, 80131, Italy. 4. CREA Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, Via Po, 14, Roma, 00198, Italy. 5. European Laboratory for the Food Induced Diseases (E.L.F.I.D), Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, Napoli, 80131, Italy.
Abstract
SCOPE: Gluten from the diploid wheat Triticum monococcum (TM) has low content of immunostimulatory sequences and a high gastro-intestinal digestibility. Gluten-reactive T cells elicited by diploid and hexaploid (Triticum aestivum-TA) wheat in celiac disease (CD) patients upon a brief oral challenge are analyzed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventeen patients with CD (median age 13 years) consumed for 3 days sandwiches made with TM (cultivar Norberto-ID331, N=11), or TA (cultivar Sagittario, N=11) flours, corresponding to 12 gr of gluten/die. Immunostimulatory properties are assessed in blood by measuring the IFN-γ-secreting T cells by EliSpot and the expression of inflammatory cytokines/receptors (IL-12A, IL-15, IL-18RAP, IFN-γ) by qPCR. TA mobilizes a remarkable number of gliadin-specific, IFN-γ-secreting T cells (p<0.05), while no significant cell mobilization is induced by TM (p=ns). Similar results are obtained in response to five immunogenic peptides from α-, ω-, and γ-gliadins, although with a large individual variability. An increased mRNA expression for IL-12A and IFN-γ is detected in the group eating TA compared to those consuming TM (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although T. monococcum is a cereal not suitable for the diet of celiacs, this diploid wheat elicits a reduced in vivo T-cell response compared to T. aestivum in celiac patients.
SCOPE: Gluten from the diploid wheat Triticum monococcum (TM) has low content of immunostimulatory sequences and a high gastro-intestinal digestibility. Gluten-reactive T cells elicited by diploid and hexaploid (Triticum aestivum-TA) wheat in celiac disease (CD) patients upon a brief oral challenge are analyzed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Seventeen patients with CD (median age 13 years) consumed for 3 days sandwiches made with TM (cultivar Norberto-ID331, N=11), or TA (cultivar Sagittario, N=11) flours, corresponding to 12 gr of gluten/die. Immunostimulatory properties are assessed in blood by measuring the IFN-γ-secreting T cells by EliSpot and the expression of inflammatory cytokines/receptors (IL-12A, IL-15, IL-18RAP, IFN-γ) by qPCR. TA mobilizes a remarkable number of gliadin-specific, IFN-γ-secreting T cells (p<0.05), while no significant cell mobilization is induced by TM (p=ns). Similar results are obtained in response to five immunogenic peptides from α-, ω-, and γ-gliadins, although with a large individual variability. An increased mRNA expression for IL-12A and IFN-γ is detected in the group eating TA compared to those consuming TM (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although T. monococcum is a cereal not suitable for the diet of celiacs, this diploid wheat elicits a reduced in vivo T-cell response compared to T. aestivum in celiac patients.
Authors: Rosa Pilolli; Maria De Angelis; Antonella Lamonaca; Elisabetta De Angelis; Carlo Giuseppe Rizzello; Sonya Siragusa; Agata Gadaleta; Gianfranco Mamone; Linda Monaci Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-12-14 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Gianfranco Mamone; Maria Cristina Comelli; Serena Vitale; Luigia Di Stasio; Katharina Kessler; Ilaria Mottola; Francesco Siano; Linda Cavaletti; Carmen Gianfrani Journal: Front Nutr Date: 2022-09-08