Vivian N Onaemo1,2, Timothy O Fawehinmi3, Carl D'Arcy1,4. 1. School of Public Health, 7235University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. 2. Saskatchewan Health Quality Council, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. 3. Department of Health, 4091Government of Nunavut, Nunavut, Canada. 4. Department of Psychiatry, 7235University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the role of alcohol use disorder and other potential risk factors on persistence/recurrence of major depression in a Canadian population sample. METHODS: Data were drawn from the National Population Health Survey (1994/1995 to 2010/2011), a prospective epidemiologic survey of individuals 12 years and older, living in 10 Canadian provinces (N = 17,276). Participants were reinterviewed every 2 years for 9 cycles. This study population was a cohort of individuals who at baseline met the diagnosis of a major depressive episode (MDE) in the previous 12 months (n = 908). After the 6-year (cycle 4) and 16-year (cycle 9) follow-up period, 124 of 718 participants and 79 of 461 participants met the criteria for MDE, respectively. Persistence or recurrence of major depression was defined as meeting a diagnosis of MDE after 6 years and 16 years. Modified Poisson regression models were used to assess the role of alcohol dependence and other risk factors on the persistence/recurrence of major depression using Stata 14. RESULTS: Alcohol use disorder was significantly correlated with a 6-year (odds ratio [OR]: 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68 to 5.48; P < .0001) and 16-year (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.15 to 8.77, P = 0.003) persistence/recurrence of major depression. Other factors associated with the persistence/recurrence of major depression include female sex, childhood traumatic events, chronic pain restricting activities, daily smoking, and low self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid alcohol use disorder was found to be a strong risk factor for the persistence or recurrence of major depression.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the role of alcohol use disorder and other potential risk factors on persistence/recurrence of major depression in a Canadian population sample. METHODS: Data were drawn from the National Population Health Survey (1994/1995 to 2010/2011), a prospective epidemiologic survey of individuals 12 years and older, living in 10 Canadian provinces (N = 17,276). Participants were reinterviewed every 2 years for 9 cycles. This study population was a cohort of individuals who at baseline met the diagnosis of a major depressive episode (MDE) in the previous 12 months (n = 908). After the 6-year (cycle 4) and 16-year (cycle 9) follow-up period, 124 of 718 participants and 79 of 461 participants met the criteria for MDE, respectively. Persistence or recurrence of major depression was defined as meeting a diagnosis of MDE after 6 years and 16 years. Modified Poisson regression models were used to assess the role of alcohol dependence and other risk factors on the persistence/recurrence of major depression using Stata 14. RESULTS:Alcohol use disorder was significantly correlated with a 6-year (odds ratio [OR]: 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.68 to 5.48; P < .0001) and 16-year (OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.15 to 8.77, P = 0.003) persistence/recurrence of major depression. Other factors associated with the persistence/recurrence of major depression include female sex, childhood traumatic events, chronic pain restricting activities, daily smoking, and low self-esteem. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbid alcohol use disorder was found to be a strong risk factor for the persistence or recurrence of major depression.
Entities:
Keywords:
alcohol dependence; alcohol use disorder; comorbidity; major depression
Authors: Steven E Bruce; Kimberly A Yonkers; Michael W Otto; Jane L Eisen; Risa B Weisberg; Maria Pagano; M Tracie Shea; Martin B Keller Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2005-06 Impact factor: 18.112