Armando Flores-Rebollar1, Iván Pérez-Díaz2,3, Olynka Vega-Vega4, Raúl Rivera-Moscoso1, Reynerio Fagundo-Sierra5, Sergio L Carbajal-Morelos1, Hillary K Osorio-Landa1, María G López-Carrasco6, Ana R Lira-Reyes5, Ricardo Correa-Rotter4. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan. CP. 14000, Mexico City, Mexico. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan. CP. 14000, Mexico City, Mexico. ivan.endocrino@gmail.com. 3. Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico. ivan.endocrino@gmail.com. 4. Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico. 5. Central Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico. 6. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in a cohort of healthy individuals in Mexico City, as well as to investigate the potential associations of these results with their estimated iodine intake (EII) as reflected by their 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE). METHODS: From the SALMEX cohort, 683 adults provided an appropriate 24-h urine sample. Thyroid function tests and thyroid antibody concentrations were determined in the participants' sera. We analyzed discrepancies between the commonly used urinary parameters to determine the iodine intake status and the performance of thyroglobulin (Tg) as a biomarker of its status in the adult population. RESULTS: The prevalence of dysthyroidism was high, being similar to other studies. Subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 5.0% of individuals, clinical hypothyroidism in 1.8% of individuals, and sub-clinical hyperthyroidism in 2.8% of individuals. The median EII was 285 μg/d (IQR 215.0-369.0); 94% of individuals had EII >150 µg/d recommended daily allowance (RDA) in adults. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and the UIE had relative biases in their averages of 34.4%. The Tg median was 7.21 ng/mL. The prevalence of increased Tg was 6.15%. There was no correlation between Tg and EII (r= 0.019, p= 0.606). CONCLUSIONS: Thyroid dysfunction was highly prevalent in this population. Our cohort revealed a slight discrepancy between dysthyroidism manifestations and iodine intake markers; the latter represent a population with adequate iodine intake. Further studies are necessary to clearly define the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction as well as the iodine nutritional status in Mexico.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in a cohort of healthy individuals in Mexico City, as well as to investigate the potential associations of these results with their estimated iodine intake (EII) as reflected by their 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE). METHODS: From the SALMEX cohort, 683 adults provided an appropriate 24-h urine sample. Thyroid function tests and thyroid antibody concentrations were determined in the participants' sera. We analyzed discrepancies between the commonly used urinary parameters to determine the iodine intake status and the performance of thyroglobulin (Tg) as a biomarker of its status in the adult population. RESULTS: The prevalence of dysthyroidism was high, being similar to other studies. Subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 5.0% of individuals, clinical hypothyroidism in 1.8% of individuals, and sub-clinical hyperthyroidism in 2.8% of individuals. The median EII was 285 μg/d (IQR 215.0-369.0); 94% of individuals had EII >150 µg/d recommended daily allowance (RDA) in adults. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and the UIE had relative biases in their averages of 34.4%. The Tg median was 7.21 ng/mL. The prevalence of increased Tg was 6.15%. There was no correlation between Tg and EII (r= 0.019, p= 0.606). CONCLUSIONS:Thyroid dysfunction was highly prevalent in this population. Our cohort revealed a slight discrepancy between dysthyroidism manifestations and iodine intake markers; the latter represent a population with adequate iodine intake. Further studies are necessary to clearly define the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction as well as the iodine nutritional status in Mexico.
Authors: Zubair Baloch; Pierre Carayon; Bernard Conte-Devolx; Laurence M Demers; Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen; Jean-François Henry; Virginia A LiVosli; Patricia Niccoli-Sire; Rhys John; Jean Ruf; Peter P A Smyth; Carole A Spencer; Jan R Stockigt Journal: Thyroid Date: 2003-01 Impact factor: 6.568
Authors: Elizabeth H Hoogendoorn; Ad R Hermus; Femmie de Vegt; H Alec Ross; Andre L M Verbeek; Lambertus A L M Kiemeney; Dorine W Swinkels; Fred C G J Sweep; Martin den Heijer Journal: Clin Chem Date: 2005-10-27 Impact factor: 8.327
Authors: Pernille Vejbjerg; Nils Knudsen; Hans Perrild; Peter Laurberg; Stig Andersen; Lone B Rasmussen; Lars Ovesen; Torben Jørgensen Journal: Thyroid Date: 2009-11 Impact factor: 6.568