Vincent Ducoulombier1, Roman Chiquet2, Sahara Graf3, Bernard Leroy4, Guillaume Bouquet5, Stéphane Verdun3, Fabienne Martellier2, Adeline Versavel2, Alexandre Kone6, Karine Lacroix7, Didier Duthoit8, Quentin Lenglet8, Amelie Devaux9, Robert Jeanson9, Antoine Lefebvre10, Benoit Coviaux11, Gauthier Calais12, Adeline Grimbert13, Marie Ledein14, Marie Moukagni15, Tristan Pascart16, Eric Houvenagel16. 1. Department of Rheumatology, Saint-Philibert Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lomme, France. Electronic address: Ducoulombier.vincent@ghicl.net. 2. Pain Center, Saint-Vincent Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France. 3. Lille Catholic hospitals, Biostatistics Department-Delegation for Clinical Research and Innovation, Lille Catholic University, Lille, France. 4. Pain Center, Roubaix Hospital Center, Roubaix, France. 5. Department of Palliative Care, Tourcoing Hospital Center, Tourcoing, France. 6. Department of Anesthésia, Sainte-Marie Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Cambrai, France. 7. Department of Pharmacy, Sainte-Marie Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Cambrai, France. 8. Public Mental Health Institution of Lille Metropole, Saint-André-lez-Lille, France. 9. Public Mental Health Institution of Lille Agglomeration, Armentières, France. 10. Department of Pharmacy, Saint-Philibert Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lomme, France. 11. Department of Psychiatry, Saint-Vincent Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France. 12. Department of Neurology, Saint-Vincent Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France. 13. Geriatrics Unit, Saint-Vincent Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France. 14. Department of Intensive Care, Saint-Philibert Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lomme, France. 15. Pediatrics Department, Saint-Vincent Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lille, France. 16. Department of Rheumatology, Saint-Philibert Catholic Hospital, University of Lille, Lomme, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anxiety is common in hospitalized patients and can worsen pain or lead to unsuccessful pain relief. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of measuring anxiety with a visual analog scale (VAS) in the hospitalized patient experiencing pain. DESIGN: We conducted a multiple-center cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS/ SUBJECTS: Adult inpatients experiencing moderate to severe pain defined by a pain VAS score ≥40 of 100 were included. METHODS: Pain and anxiety data were collected using the following instruments: pain VAS, anxiety VAS, State Anxiety Scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-YA) and Anxiety Subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD-A). RESULTS: Data were collected from 394 patients. Of those patients, 43.6% (171 of 392) and 36.6% (143 of 391) had significant anxiety according to STAI-Ya and HAD-A, respectively. Correlation was good between anxiety-VAS and STAI-YA (ρ = 0.67 [95% confidence interval 0.61-0.72]) and moderate between anxiety VAS and HAD-D (ρ = 0.48 [0.39-0.56]). The main factor predictive of situational anxiety was history of anxiety-depression symptoms (odds ratio = 2.95 [1.93-4.56]). For anxiety VAS score ≥ 40 of 100, the sensitivity for detecting anxiety was 81% with 70% specificity. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the high prevalence of anxiety among inpatients experiencing pain, demonstrated the capacity of a VAS to assess this anxiety, determined an anxiety VAS cutoff level to screen for significant anxiety, and identified risk factors of anxiety in this population. Anxiety VAS has been found to be an easy-to-use method familiar to caregivers, with all the advantages needed for an effective screening instrument. An anxiety VAS score ≥40 of 100 would thus warrant particular attention to adapt care to the patient's anxiety-related pain and initiate specific therapeutic interventions.
BACKGROUND:Anxiety is common in hospitalized patients and can worsen pain or lead to unsuccessful pain relief. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of measuring anxiety with a visual analog scale (VAS) in the hospitalized patient experiencing pain. DESIGN: We conducted a multiple-center cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS/ SUBJECTS: Adult inpatients experiencing moderate to severe pain defined by a pain VAS score ≥40 of 100 were included. METHODS:Pain and anxiety data were collected using the following instruments: pain VAS, anxiety VAS, State Anxiety Scale of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-YA) and Anxiety Subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD-A). RESULTS: Data were collected from 394 patients. Of those patients, 43.6% (171 of 392) and 36.6% (143 of 391) had significant anxiety according to STAI-Ya and HAD-A, respectively. Correlation was good between anxiety-VAS and STAI-YA (ρ = 0.67 [95% confidence interval 0.61-0.72]) and moderate between anxiety VAS and HAD-D (ρ = 0.48 [0.39-0.56]). The main factor predictive of situational anxiety was history of anxiety-depression symptoms (odds ratio = 2.95 [1.93-4.56]). For anxiety VAS score ≥ 40 of 100, the sensitivity for detecting anxiety was 81% with 70% specificity. CONCLUSION: This study confirmed the high prevalence of anxiety among inpatients experiencing pain, demonstrated the capacity of a VAS to assess this anxiety, determined an anxiety VAS cutoff level to screen for significant anxiety, and identified risk factors of anxiety in this population. Anxiety VAS has been found to be an easy-to-use method familiar to caregivers, with all the advantages needed for an effective screening instrument. An anxiety VAS score ≥40 of 100 would thus warrant particular attention to adapt care to the patient's anxiety-related pain and initiate specific therapeutic interventions.
Authors: Linda L Chlan; Craig R Weinert; Mary Fran Tracy; Debra J Skaar; Ognjen Gajic; Jessica Ask; Jay Mandrekar Journal: Trials Date: 2022-05-16 Impact factor: 2.728