Chapter 5: Techniques For ACL Revision Reconstruction.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a commonly performed procedure, with an increasing frequency leading to an increased number of revision procedures. Etiologies for graft rupture are varied and can include technical issues, repeat trauma, and graft choice. The preoperative evaluation before a revision ACL reconstruction should include a detailed history and physical exam, as well as radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate graft integrity and for concomitant injuries, as well as computed tomography to measure for bone tunnel osteolysis. Surgical techniques for revision ACL reconstruction include a 1-stage or 2-stage procedure with possible bone grafting and repair of associated injuries. Recent studies show worse clinical outcomes after a revision procedure; however, research continues to emerge with novel techniques and rehabilitation protocols to improve patient outcomes after revision ACL reconstruction.