Dayna A Johnson1, Michelle Reid2, Thanh-Huyen T Vu3, Linda C Gallo4, Martha L Daviglus5, Carmen R Isasi6, Susan Redline7, Mercedes Carnethon3. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. Electronic address: dayna.johnson@emory.edu. 2. Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. 3. Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL. 4. Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA. 5. Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL. 6. Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. 7. Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations of sleep duration and social jetlag with cardiometabolic outcomes. PARTICIPANTS: Boys and girls aged 8-16 years from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth. MEASUREMENTS: Participants (n = 1,208) completed a clinical examination where anthropometric characteristics, health behaviors, and health history were measured. Sleep duration was calculated as the weighted average of self-reported weekday and weekend bedtimes and wake times and categorized into age-specific cutoffs for short vs. normal sleep. "Social jetlag" was defined as the absolute difference in the midpoint of the sleep period between weekdays and weekends, measured continuously and dichotomized (≥2 hours), with higher values indicating more displacement of sleep timing across the week. Regression models tested the associations between sleep measures (separately) and cardiometabolic outcomes (e.g., healthy eating index [0-100], physical activity-minutes per week, obesity, diabetes, hypertension) after adjustment for covariates. RESULTS: The average sleep duration was 9.5 hours (95% confidence interval: 9.3, 9.6) and the mean social jetlag was 2.5 (2.4, 2.7) hours. Participants with social jetlag reported more physical activity (β = 34.8 [13.14], P < .01), had a higher healthy eating index (β = 1.77 [0.87], P < .05] and lower odds of being overweight [OR = 0.66, (95% confidence interval 0.44, 0.99)]. Short sleep duration was associated with less physical activity but did not relate to other cardiometabolic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Social jetlag was associated with healthier behaviors and a lower odds of being overweight. Given these mixed findings, future research should further evaluate how to best characterize sleep timing differences in youth to identify health consequences.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations of sleep duration and social jetlag with cardiometabolic outcomes. PARTICIPANTS: Boys and girls aged 8-16 years from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino Youth. MEASUREMENTS: Participants (n = 1,208) completed a clinical examination where anthropometric characteristics, health behaviors, and health history were measured. Sleep duration was calculated as the weighted average of self-reported weekday and weekend bedtimes and wake times and categorized into age-specific cutoffs for short vs. normal sleep. "Social jetlag" was defined as the absolute difference in the midpoint of the sleep period between weekdays and weekends, measured continuously and dichotomized (≥2 hours), with higher values indicating more displacement of sleep timing across the week. Regression models tested the associations between sleep measures (separately) and cardiometabolic outcomes (e.g., healthy eating index [0-100], physical activity-minutes per week, obesity, diabetes, hypertension) after adjustment for covariates. RESULTS: The average sleep duration was 9.5 hours (95% confidence interval: 9.3, 9.6) and the mean social jetlag was 2.5 (2.4, 2.7) hours. Participants with social jetlag reported more physical activity (β = 34.8 [13.14], P < .01), had a higher healthy eating index (β = 1.77 [0.87], P < .05] and lower odds of being overweight [OR = 0.66, (95% confidence interval 0.44, 0.99)]. Short sleep duration was associated with less physical activity but did not relate to other cardiometabolic outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Social jetlag was associated with healthier behaviors and a lower odds of being overweight. Given these mixed findings, future research should further evaluate how to best characterize sleep timing differences in youth to identify health consequences.
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