Mei Yang1, Runze Zhou2, Xiangjun Qiu3, Xiangfei Feng1, Jian Sun1, Qunshan Wang1, Qiufen Lu1, Pengpai Zhang1, Bo Liu1, Wei Li1, Mu Chen1, Yan Zhao1, Binfeng Mo1, Xin Zhou4, Xi Zhang4, Yingxue Hua5, Jin Guo6, Fangfang Bi7, Yajun Cao8, Feng Ling9, Shengming Shi10, Yi-Gang Li11. 1. Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. 2. Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China. 3. Shanghai Siwei Medical Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China. 4. Clinical Research Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. 5. Pudong New Area Heqing Community Health Center, Shanghai, China. 6. Shanghai Huangpu Bund Subdistrict Community Health Center, Shanghai, China. 7. Changning Tianshan Community Health Center, Shanghai, China. 8. Pudong New Area Sunqiao Community Health Center, Shanghai, China. 9. Shanghai Lingyun Community Health Center, Shanghai, China. 10. Shangnail Xinhua Street Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China. 11. Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: liyigang@xinhuamed.com.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recently, the impact of fine particulate matter pollution on cardiovascular system is drawing considerable concern worldwide. The association between ambient fine particulate and the cardiac arrhythmias is not clear now. OBJECTIVE: To study associations of ambient fine particulate with incidence of arrhythmias in outpatients. METHODS: Data was collected from the remote electrocardiogram (ECG) system covering 282 community hospitals in Shanghai from June 24th, 2014 to June 23rd, 2016. ECG was performed for patients admitted to above hospitals with complaining of chest discomfort or palpitation, or for regular check-ups. Air quality data during this time period was obtained from China National Environment Monitoring Center. A generalized additive quasi-Poisson model was established to examine the associations between PM2.5 and cardiac arrhythmias. RESULTS: Cardiac arrhythmias were detected in 202,661 out of 1,016,579 outpatients (19.9%) and fine particulate matter ranged from 6 to 219 μg/m3 during this period. Positive associations were evidenced between fine particulate matter level and prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia by different lag models. Per 10 μg/m3 increase in fine particulate matter was associated with a 0.584%(95%CI:0.346-0.689%, p < 0.001) increase of cardiac arrhythmia detected in these patient cohort at lag0-2. For different types of cardiac arrhythmias, an immediate arrhythmogenic effect of fine particulate matter (increase of the estimates of cardiac arrhythmia prevalence detected in daily outpatient visits) was found with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; a lag effect was found with atrial fibrillation; and both immediate and lag effect was found with premature atrial contractions or atrial tachycardia, atrioventricular block. Moreover, the impact of fine particulate matter on cardiac arrhythmias was significantly greater in women (lag3 and lag0-4), and in people aged <65 years (lag0). CONCLUSION: Ambient exposure to fine particulate matter is linked with increased risk of arrhythmias in outpatients visiting Shanghai community hospitals, with an immediate or lag effect. The arrhythmogenic effect varies among different types of cardiac arrhythmias.
BACKGROUND: Recently, the impact of fine particulate matter pollution on cardiovascular system is drawing considerable concern worldwide. The association between ambient fine particulate and the cardiac arrhythmias is not clear now. OBJECTIVE: To study associations of ambient fine particulate with incidence of arrhythmias in outpatients. METHODS: Data was collected from the remote electrocardiogram (ECG) system covering 282 community hospitals in Shanghai from June 24th, 2014 to June 23rd, 2016. ECG was performed for patients admitted to above hospitals with complaining of chest discomfort or palpitation, or for regular check-ups. Air quality data during this time period was obtained from China National Environment Monitoring Center. A generalized additive quasi-Poisson model was established to examine the associations between PM2.5 and cardiac arrhythmias. RESULTS:Cardiac arrhythmias were detected in 202,661 out of 1,016,579 outpatients (19.9%) and fine particulate matter ranged from 6 to 219 μg/m3 during this period. Positive associations were evidenced between fine particulate matter level and prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia by different lag models. Per 10 μg/m3 increase in fine particulate matter was associated with a 0.584%(95%CI:0.346-0.689%, p < 0.001) increase of cardiac arrhythmia detected in these patient cohort at lag0-2. For different types of cardiac arrhythmias, an immediate arrhythmogenic effect of fine particulate matter (increase of the estimates of cardiac arrhythmia prevalence detected in daily outpatient visits) was found with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; a lag effect was found with atrial fibrillation; and both immediate and lag effect was found with premature atrial contractions or atrial tachycardia, atrioventricular block. Moreover, the impact of fine particulate matter on cardiac arrhythmias was significantly greater in women (lag3 and lag0-4), and in people aged <65 years (lag0). CONCLUSION: Ambient exposure to fine particulate matter is linked with increased risk of arrhythmias in outpatients visiting Shanghai community hospitals, with an immediate or lag effect. The arrhythmogenic effect varies among different types of cardiac arrhythmias.