Andre R Brunoni1, Giovanni A Salum2, Mauricio S Hoffmann3, Alessandra C Goulart4, Sandhi M Barreto5, Scheine Canhada6, Andre F Carvalho7, Ai Koyanagi8, Viviane Calice-Silva9, Paulo A Lotufo10, Itamar S Santos10, Claudia K Suemoto11, Isabela M Benseñor10. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: brunoni@usp.br. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 3. Section on Negative Affect and Social Processes, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, WC2A 2AE, London, United Kingdom; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil (UFSM). 4. Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 5. School of Medicine & Clinical Hospital, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. 6. Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada. 8. Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain. 9. Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Pro-Rim Foundation, Research Department, Joinville, SC, Brazil. 10. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. 11. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although low-grade inflammation is associated with onset and persistence of depression, most biomarkers display modest predictive effects. GlycA (glycoprotein acetylation) is a unique metabolomic composite of pro-inflammatory acute-phase glycoproteins. We hypothesized that GlycA levels would predict depression incidence, remission and persistence, with higher accuracy than high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP). We also explored the additive predictive value of GlycA above and beyond hsCRP. METHODS: Cohort design using the sample of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)'s São Paulo site. Baseline GlycA and hsCRP levels were measured in blood plasma. Depression incidence, remission, and persistence were assessed using the Clinical Interview Scheduled Revised (CIS-R) at two time points separated by a mean of 3.8 years. Multivariable Poisson, logistic and linear regression models were used for prediction. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical confounders, including age, gender, ethnicity, education, cardiovascular assessments, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory drug use, anxiety disorders, alcohol use, and body mass index. RESULTS: We included 4,364 participants (53.2% females, mean age 51.4 ± 8.9 years) with no autoimmune disorders. GlycA robustly predicted depression persistence (relative risk of 7.28, 95% confidence interval 1.33-45.57, p = 0.023 in the fully-adjusted model), but not depression onset. Although hsCRP also predicted depression persistence, its effects were fully explained by confounders and by GlycA levels. GlycA also predicted worsening of depressive symptoms in depressed patients and depression persistence vs. remission in fully-adjusted models. LIMITATIONS: Brief depressive episodes could not be measured by our assessments. CONCLUSIONS: GlycA might be a new inflammatory prognosis biomarker for depression.
BACKGROUND: Although low-grade inflammation is associated with onset and persistence of depression, most biomarkers display modest predictive effects. GlycA (glycoprotein acetylation) is a unique metabolomic composite of pro-inflammatory acute-phase glycoproteins. We hypothesized that GlycA levels would predict depression incidence, remission and persistence, with higher accuracy than high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP). We also explored the additive predictive value of GlycA above and beyond hsCRP. METHODS: Cohort design using the sample of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)'s São Paulo site. Baseline GlycA and hsCRP levels were measured in blood plasma. Depression incidence, remission, and persistence were assessed using the Clinical Interview Scheduled Revised (CIS-R) at two time points separated by a mean of 3.8 years. Multivariable Poisson, logistic and linear regression models were used for prediction. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical confounders, including age, gender, ethnicity, education, cardiovascular assessments, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory drug use, anxiety disorders, alcohol use, and body mass index. RESULTS: We included 4,364 participants (53.2% females, mean age 51.4 ± 8.9 years) with no autoimmune disorders. GlycA robustly predicted depression persistence (relative risk of 7.28, 95% confidence interval 1.33-45.57, p = 0.023 in the fully-adjusted model), but not depression onset. Although hsCRP also predicted depression persistence, its effects were fully explained by confounders and by GlycA levels. GlycA also predicted worsening of depressive symptoms in depressedpatients and depression persistence vs. remission in fully-adjusted models. LIMITATIONS: Brief depressive episodes could not be measured by our assessments. CONCLUSIONS:GlycA might be a new inflammatory prognosis biomarker for depression.
Authors: Daniel E Radford-Smith; Preya J Patel; Katharine M Irvine; Anthony Russell; Dan Siskind; Daniel C Anthony; Elizabeth E Powell; Fay Probert Journal: PLoS One Date: 2022-01-06 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Livia N F Guerreiro Costa; Beatriz A Carneiro; Gustavo S Alves; Daniel H Lins Silva; Daniela Faria Guimaraes; Lucca S Souza; Igor D Bandeira; Graziele Beanes; Angela Miranda Scippa; Lucas C Quarantini Journal: Cureus Date: 2022-03-09