[A new chemosensitivity test for cancer cells by measuring intracellular ATP content].

Several in vitro chemosensitivity tests have been developed to select effective anticancer agents for individual cases. However, none of them is used routinely because of the low evaluability or the time consuming nature. We developed a new practical method which is simple, rapid, and applicable to fresh human tumors. The principle of the method is to measure the ATP content of cancer cells by bioluminescence after drug exposure. A linear relationship was observed between either the number of cells or their viability and light intensity. Four established human stomach cancer cell lines and five colon cancer cell lines were examined for their chemosensitivity with a test plate having 96 wells. A clear dose-dependent response was seen with almost all drugs tested in this study, and each cell line showed an identical response to drugs. For the clinical application, cancer cells taken from three human solid tumors were tested. In all cases, the chemosensitivity was clearly evaluable. This simple, rapid and sensitive method can be a good indicator for the determination of anticancer agents in cancer chemotherapy.