Nanako Hayashi1, Haruka Yatsutani1, Hisashi Mori2, Hiroto Ito1, Claire E Badenhorst3, Kazushige Goto4. 1. Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan. 2. School of Human Science and Environment, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan. 3. School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand. 4. Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan. kagoto@fc.ritsumei.ac.jp.
Abstract
Hepcidin is a novel factor for iron deficiency in athletes, which is suggested to be regulated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) or erythropoietin (EPO). PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to compare endurance exercise-induced hepcidin elevation among "normoxia", "hypoxia" and "combined heat and hypoxia". METHODS: Twelve males (21.5 ± 0.3 years, 168.1 ± 1.2 cm, 63.6 ± 2.0 kg) participated in the present study. They performed 60 min of cycling at 60% of [Formula: see text] in either "heat and hypoxia" (HHYP; FiO2 14.5%, 32 °C), "hypoxia" (HYP; FiO2 14.5%, 23 °C) or "normoxia" (NOR; FiO2 20.9%, 23 °C). After completing the exercise, participants remained in the prescribed conditions for 3 h post-exercise. Blood samples were collected before, immediately and 3 h after exercise. RESULTS: Plasma IL-6 level significantly increased immediately after exercise (P < 0.05), with no significant difference among the trials. A significant elevation in serum EPO was observed 3 h after exercise in hypoxic trials (HHYP and HYP, P < 0.05), with no significant difference between HHYP and HYP. Serum hepcidin level increased 3 h after exercise in all trials (NOR, before 18.3 ± 3.9 and post180 31.2 ± 6.3 ng/mL; HYP, before 13.5 ± 2.5 and post180 23.3 ± 3.6 ng/mL, HHYP; before 15.8 ± 3.3 and post180 31.4 ± 5.3 ng/mL, P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference among the trials during post-exercise. CONCLUSION: Endurance exercise in "combined heat and hypoxia" did not exacerbate exercise-induced hepcidin elevation compared with the same exercise in "hypoxia" or "normoxia".
Hepcidin is a novel factor for iron deficiency in athletes, which is suggested to be regulated by interleukin-6 (IL-6) or erythropoietin (EPO). PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to compare endurance exercise-induced hepcidin elevation among "normoxia", "hypoxia" and "combined heat and hypoxia". METHODS: Twelve males (21.5 ± 0.3 years, 168.1 ± 1.2 cm, 63.6 ± 2.0 kg) participated in the present study. They performed 60 min of cycling at 60% of [Formula: see text] in either "heat and hypoxia" (HHYP; FiO2 14.5%, 32 °C), "hypoxia" (HYP; FiO2 14.5%, 23 °C) or "normoxia" (NOR; FiO2 20.9%, 23 °C). After completing the exercise, participants remained in the prescribed conditions for 3 h post-exercise. Blood samples were collected before, immediately and 3 h after exercise. RESULTS: Plasma IL-6 level significantly increased immediately after exercise (P < 0.05), with no significant difference among the trials. A significant elevation in serum EPO was observed 3 h after exercise in hypoxic trials (HHYP and HYP, P < 0.05), with no significant difference between HHYP and HYP. Serum hepcidin level increased 3 h after exercise in all trials (NOR, before 18.3 ± 3.9 and post180 31.2 ± 6.3 ng/mL; HYP, before 13.5 ± 2.5 and post180 23.3 ± 3.6 ng/mL, HHYP; before 15.8 ± 3.3 and post180 31.4 ± 5.3 ng/mL, P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference among the trials during post-exercise. CONCLUSION: Endurance exercise in "combined heat and hypoxia" did not exacerbate exercise-induced hepcidin elevation compared with the same exercise in "hypoxia" or "normoxia".
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