Gianfranco Alicandro1, Paola Bertuccio2, Gabriella Sebastiani3, Carlo La Vecchia4, Luisa Frova3. 1. Directorate for Social Statistics and Population Census, National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), Viale Liegi 13, 00198, Rome, Italy. gianfranco.alicandro@istat.it. 2. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L.Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. 3. Directorate for Social Statistics and Population Census, National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), Viale Liegi 13, 00198, Rome, Italy. 4. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Long working hours have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, results are inconsistent and large cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings. METHODS: We conducted a census-based cohort study including 11,903,540 Italian workers aged 20-64 years, registered in the 2011 census, with a 5-year follow-up (2012-2016). We estimated cause-specific hazard ratios (cHRs) through Cox regression models to quantify the association between long working hours and CVD mortality. RESULTS: Over 5 years of follow-up, 17,206 individuals died from CVD (15,262 men and 1944 women). Men working 55 or more hours per week had a cHR of 0.95 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.89-1.02) for all CVDs, while women showed a cHR of 1.19 (95% CI 0.95-1.49). Professional women working more than 55 h per week had a cHR of 1.98 (95% CI 0.87-4.52). CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support an association between long working hours and CVD mortality among active Italian men, while it suggests a possible excess risk among women, although based on limited number of events.
OBJECTIVES: Long working hours have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, results are inconsistent and large cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings. METHODS: We conducted a census-based cohort study including 11,903,540 Italian workers aged 20-64 years, registered in the 2011 census, with a 5-year follow-up (2012-2016). We estimated cause-specific hazard ratios (cHRs) through Cox regression models to quantify the association between long working hours and CVDmortality. RESULTS: Over 5 years of follow-up, 17,206 individuals died from CVD (15,262 men and 1944 women). Men working 55 or more hours per week had a cHR of 0.95 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.89-1.02) for all CVDs, while women showed a cHR of 1.19 (95% CI 0.95-1.49). Professional women working more than 55 h per week had a cHR of 1.98 (95% CI 0.87-4.52). CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support an association between long working hours and CVDmortality among active Italian men, while it suggests a possible excess risk among women, although based on limited number of events.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseases; Long working hours; Mortality; Occupation; Overtime work; Workers
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