Beliefs about contraceptive sterilization among low-income urban women.

Among a group of low-income clinic patients planning to be sterilized, the vast majority--95 percent--reported believing that sterilization is the surest way to avoid getting pregnant and that it is safer than other contraceptive methods. Among a comparison group who also wanted no more children but did not plan to be sterilized, the majority also held these beliefs, but the proportion was lower (76-80 percent). In both groups, however, only between 64 and 70 percent knew that sterilization makes it impossible to have children in the future. Between 63 and 68 percent of the women in the sterilization group believed that having the operation would improve their family relationships, emotional state and other aspects of their lives, but only 35-58 percent of the comparison group held these beliefs. On the other hand, women in the comparison group were more likely than those in the sterilization group to believe that sterilization has negative health and psychological effects--for example, changes in menses (more bleeding or cramping) or defeminization. The beliefs held by both groups suggest that it is a conviction regarding the advantages of sterilization, rather than a relative unawareness of the disadvantages, that distinguishes women who plan to be sterilized from those who, although they want no more children, do not have similar plans. The study results have implications for family planning professionals: Counselors need to be aware that some women seeking sterilization may not understand its permanency or may have an unrealistic appraisal of its potential effect on their lives.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)