Reciprocal Regulation of Mitochondrial Fission and Fusion.

The dynamic processes of mitochondrial fission and fusion are tightly regulated, determine mitochondrial shape, and influence mitochondrial functions. For example, fission and fusion mediate energy output, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial quality control. As our understanding of the molecular machinery and mechanisms regulating dynamic changes in the mitochondrial network continues to grow, we are beginning to unravel important signaling pathways that integrate physiological cues to modulate mitochondrial morphology and function. Here, we highlight reciprocal regulation of mitochondrial fusion and fission as an emerging trend in the regulation of mitochondrial function.