Joana Nicolau1, Juan Manuel Romerosa2, Irene Rodríguez2, Pilar Sanchís2, Aina Bonet2, Magdalena Arteaga2, Regina Fortuny3, Lluís Masmiquel2. 1. Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain. jnicolauramis@gmail.com. 2. Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain. 3. Hormonal Laboratory, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
Abstract
AIMS: Food addiction (FA) is conceptualized as a behavioral pattern that is similar in some ways to addictions to alcohol and other substances. This disorder has not been well studied among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aimed to analyze if there is any relationship between FA and clinical or psychological variables among patients with T2DM. METHODS: Three hundred patients with T2DM were analyzed cross-sectionally. Participants were evaluated for the presence of FA by completing the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 questionnaire. RESULTS: 29.3% of patients screened positive for FA. Patients with FA had a greater BMI (33.41 ± 7.5 vs. 31.6 ± 5.9 kg/m2; p = 0.04). HbA1c was higher among individuals with FA (7.9 ± 4.4 vs. 7.6 ± 1.4%, p = 0.008). The proportion of subjects with diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy was greater among patients with criteria for FA compared with patients without this condition (25% vs. 13.2%, 29.5% vs. 21.8% and 32% vs. 22.3%; p = 0.03, p = 0.05 and p = 0.05, respectively). The percentage of patients with FA with significant depressive symptoms was also greater (36.4% vs. 18.5%; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of FA among T2DM patients implied a worse glycaemic control. Microvascular complications and depressive symptoms were higher among these patients.
AIMS: Food addiction (FA) is conceptualized as a behavioral pattern that is similar in some ways to addictions to alcohol and other substances. This disorder has not been well studied among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aimed to analyze if there is any relationship between FA and clinical or psychological variables among patients with T2DM. METHODS: Three hundred patients with T2DM were analyzed cross-sectionally. Participants were evaluated for the presence of FA by completing the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 questionnaire. RESULTS: 29.3% of patients screened positive for FA. Patients with FA had a greater BMI (33.41 ± 7.5 vs. 31.6 ± 5.9 kg/m2; p = 0.04). HbA1c was higher among individuals with FA (7.9 ± 4.4 vs. 7.6 ± 1.4%, p = 0.008). The proportion of subjects with diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy was greater among patients with criteria for FA compared with patients without this condition (25% vs. 13.2%, 29.5% vs. 21.8% and 32% vs. 22.3%; p = 0.03, p = 0.05 and p = 0.05, respectively). The percentage of patients with FA with significant depressive symptoms was also greater (36.4% vs. 18.5%; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of FA among T2DM patients implied a worse glycaemic control. Microvascular complications and depressive symptoms were higher among these patients.