Motahare-Sadat Hosseini1, Fatemehsadat Hosseini2, Abdolreza Ahmadi2, Masoud Mozafari3, Issa Amjadi4. 1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. 2. Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 3. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In recent years, prostate cancer prevails as one of the lead cancers affecting men. Currently, prostate cancer research involves the phytochemical study of plants with anti-tumour effects. This study compares the anti-tumour effects of three plant species indigenous to Iran and their interaction with cluster of differentiation (CD)-82 protein, a therapeutic target found in prostate cancer cells. METHODS: The extracts of Hypericum perforatum, Achillea millefolium, and Aloe vera were prepared and their toxicological, cellular and gene expression responses were evaluated in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells and normal human chondrocyte cell line C28/I2. They were exposed to different concentrations of the plants (10 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, 100 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, and 1 µg/mL) at three exposure time points (24, 48, 72 hours) to determine cancer cell cytotoxicity and gene expression profiles. RESULTS: : Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in PC-3 cells ranged from 0.6 to 8.5 mg/mL for H. perforatum extract, from 0.4 to 7.5 mg/mL for A. Millefolium extract, and from 0.2 to 8.0 mg/mL for A. vera extract in a time-dependent manner. A. vera extract caused the highest cell death levels in PC-3 cells (94%) and C28/I2 cells (57%) after 48 hours. A 1.97-, 3.00-, and 3.48-fold increase in relative gene expression of CD82 was observed for H. perforatum, A. millefolium, and A. vera extracts, respectively. CONCLUSION: A. vera and A. millefolium extracts are a selective inhibitor of prostate cancer cells and a potent activator of CD82 expression.
BACKGROUND: In recent years, prostate cancer prevails as one of the lead cancers affecting men. Currently, prostate cancer research involves the phytochemical study of plants with anti-tumour effects. This study compares the anti-tumour effects of three plant species indigenous to Iran and their interaction with cluster of differentiation (CD)-82 protein, a therapeutic target found in prostate cancer cells. METHODS: The extracts of Hypericum perforatum, Achillea millefolium, and Aloe vera were prepared and their toxicological, cellular and gene expression responses were evaluated in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells and normal human chondrocyte cell line C28/I2. They were exposed to different concentrations of the plants (10 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, 100 µg/mL, 10 µg/mL, and 1 µg/mL) at three exposure time points (24, 48, 72 hours) to determine cancer cell cytotoxicity and gene expression profiles. RESULTS: : Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in PC-3 cells ranged from 0.6 to 8.5 mg/mL for H. perforatum extract, from 0.4 to 7.5 mg/mL for A. Millefolium extract, and from 0.2 to 8.0 mg/mL for A. vera extract in a time-dependent manner. A. vera extract caused the highest cell death levels in PC-3 cells (94%) and C28/I2 cells (57%) after 48 hours. A 1.97-, 3.00-, and 3.48-fold increase in relative gene expression of CD82 was observed for H. perforatum, A. millefolium, and A. vera extracts, respectively. CONCLUSION: A. vera and A. millefolium extracts are a selective inhibitor of prostate cancer cells and a potent activator of CD82 expression.
Entities:
Keywords:
CD82; Gene expression; Herbal medicine; Prostate cancer
Authors: Brian Sanders; Anna M Ray; Sharon Goldberg; Tyler Clark; H Reginald McDaniel; Steven E Atlas; Ashar Farooqi; Janet Konefal; Lucas C Lages; Johanna Lopez; Ammar Rasul; Eduard Tiozzo; Judi M Woolger; John E Lewis Journal: J Clin Transl Res Date: 2017-09-07