Mozhu Ding1, Chengxuan Qiu1, Debora Rizzuto1, Giulia Grande1, Laura Fratiglioni1,2. 1. Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. 2. Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Recent reports from high-income countries have suggested a declining incidence of dementia. METHODS: Trends in dementia incidence over 25 years among people ≥75 years of age were examined using two population-based cohort studies: the Kungsholmen Project (KP, n = 1473, 1987-1998) and the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K, n = 1746, 2001-2013). RESULTS: We identified 440 (29.9%) and 388 (22.2%) incident dementia cases in the KP and SNAC-K cohorts, respectively. The incidence of dementia declined by 30% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.80) during the second decade. Adjustment of education, psychosocial working conditions, lifestyle, and vascular diseases did not substantially change the results (HR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.90). This decline was observed particularly in women and people with elementary education. DISCUSSION: Our study provides direct evidence of a declining trend in dementia incidence. Improved cognitive reserve and cardiovascular health could partially explain the decline.
INTRODUCTION: Recent reports from high-income countries have suggested a declining incidence of dementia. METHODS: Trends in dementia incidence over 25 years among people ≥75 years of age were examined using two population-based cohort studies: the Kungsholmen Project (KP, n = 1473, 1987-1998) and the Swedish National study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K, n = 1746, 2001-2013). RESULTS: We identified 440 (29.9%) and 388 (22.2%) incident dementia cases in the KP and SNAC-K cohorts, respectively. The incidence of dementia declined by 30% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.80) during the second decade. Adjustment of education, psychosocial working conditions, lifestyle, and vascular diseases did not substantially change the results (HR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.90). This decline was observed particularly in women and people with elementary education. DISCUSSION: Our study provides direct evidence of a declining trend in dementia incidence. Improved cognitive reserve and cardiovascular health could partially explain the decline.
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