Immobilization of highly oriented filamentous viruses onto polymer substrates.

A simple dipping/sweeping-up process for the polymer substrates successfully immobilized genetically engineered filamentous viruses (M13 phages) in a highly orientated manner. The specific interaction between the peptides displayed on the phage terminus and the polymer species was essential for their orientation. The orientation manner was dependent on the sweeping-up speed and the phage concentration.