T Leppänen1,2, A Kulkas3,4, J Töyräs3,5,6, S Myllymaa3,5, N Gadoth7,8, A Oksenberg7. 1. Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627 (Canthia), FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland. timo.leppanen@uef.fi. 2. Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. timo.leppanen@uef.fi. 3. Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627 (Canthia), FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland. 4. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland. 5. Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. 6. School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. 7. Sleep Disorders Unit, Loewenstein Hospital-Rehabilitation Center, Raanana, Israel. 8. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Hypertension is a common finding in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but it has remained unclear whether or not the amount of disturbed breathing and characteristics of individual respiratory events differ between hypertensive and normotensive patients with severe OSA. METHODS: Full polysomnographic recordings of 323 men and 89 women with severe OSA were analyzed. Differences in the duration of individual respiratory events, total apnea and hypopnea times, and the percentage of disturbed breathing from total sleep time (AHT%) were compared between normotensive and hypertensive patients separately by genders. Furthermore, differences in the respiratory event characteristics were assessed between three AHT% groups (AHT% ≤ 30%, 30% < AHT% ≤ 45%, and AHT% > 45%). RESULTS: Hypertensive women had lower percentage apnea time (15.2% vs. 18.2%, p = 0.003) and AHT% (33.5% vs. 36.5%, p = 0.021) when compared with normotensive women. However, these differences were not observed between hypertensive and normotensive men. Percentage hypopnea time was higher in hypertensive men (13.5% vs. 11.2%, p = 0.043) but not in women (15.2% vs. 12.2%, p = 0.130) compared with their normotensive counterparts. The variation in AHI explained 60.5% (ρ = 0.778) and 65.0% (ρ = 0.806) of the variation in AHT% in normotensive and hypertensive patients, respectively. However, when AHT% increased, the capability of AHI to explain the variation in AHT% declined. CONCLUSIONS: There is a major inter- and intra-gender variation in percentage apnea and hypopnea times between hypertensive and normotensive patients with severe OSA. OSA is an important risk factor for hypertension and thus, early detection and phenotyping of OSA would allow timely treatment of patients with the highest risk of hypertension.
PURPOSE:Hypertension is a common finding in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but it has remained unclear whether or not the amount of disturbed breathing and characteristics of individual respiratory events differ between hypertensive and normotensive patients with severe OSA. METHODS: Full polysomnographic recordings of 323 men and 89 women with severe OSA were analyzed. Differences in the duration of individual respiratory events, total apnea and hypopnea times, and the percentage of disturbed breathing from total sleep time (AHT%) were compared between normotensive and hypertensivepatients separately by genders. Furthermore, differences in the respiratory event characteristics were assessed between three AHT% groups (AHT% ≤ 30%, 30% < AHT% ≤ 45%, and AHT% > 45%). RESULTS:Hypertensivewomen had lower percentage apnea time (15.2% vs. 18.2%, p = 0.003) and AHT% (33.5% vs. 36.5%, p = 0.021) when compared with normotensive women. However, these differences were not observed between hypertensive and normotensive men. Percentage hypopnea time was higher in hypertensivemen (13.5% vs. 11.2%, p = 0.043) but not in women (15.2% vs. 12.2%, p = 0.130) compared with their normotensive counterparts. The variation in AHI explained 60.5% (ρ = 0.778) and 65.0% (ρ = 0.806) of the variation in AHT% in normotensive and hypertensivepatients, respectively. However, when AHT% increased, the capability of AHI to explain the variation in AHT% declined. CONCLUSIONS: There is a major inter- and intra-gender variation in percentage apnea and hypopnea times between hypertensive and normotensive patients with severe OSA. OSA is an important risk factor for hypertension and thus, early detection and phenotyping of OSA would allow timely treatment of patients with the highest risk of hypertension.
Authors: Richard B Berry; Rohit Budhiraja; Daniel J Gottlieb; David Gozal; Conrad Iber; Vishesh K Kapur; Carole L Marcus; Reena Mehra; Sairam Parthasarathy; Stuart F Quan; Susan Redline; Kingman P Strohl; Sally L Davidson Ward; Michelle M Tangredi Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2012-10-15 Impact factor: 4.062
Authors: Yuanyuan Fan; Nazeer Hussain Khan; Muhammad Farhan Ali Khan; M D Faysal Ahammad; Tayyaba Zulfiqar; Razia Virk; Enshe Jiang Journal: Cancer Manag Res Date: 2022-04-01 Impact factor: 3.989