Synthesis of magnesium phosphate nanoflakes and its PCL composite electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration.

This study describes the preparation of nano-magnesium phosphate (nMP) flakes by one step microwave irradiation method. The synthesized nMP was incorporated with polycaprolactone (PCL), hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) to fabricate as composite electrospun nanofibrous scaffold for bone tissue engineering applications. The electrospun nanofibers were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, XRD, FTIR, DSC, TGA, and wettability measurement. The nanofibers were smooth, randomly oriented, and surface decorated with nMP. The water contact angle was 32 ± 1° (initial contact angle), which reduces to 0° after 1 min for HPG and nMP containing nanocomposites, while the contact angle of PCL is 104 ± 5°. The nanocomposite scaffolds exhibited higher swelling, biomineralization, and breakages during PBS immersion. The scaffolds were non-cytotoxic to MG63 osteosarcoma cells and hMSCs with higher viability after 72 h. They allowed good adhesion and spreading of these cells when compared to PCL and PCL/nHA electrospun nanofibers. These results indicated that HPG with surface decorated nMP electrospun nanocomposite scaffold can be a promising material for bone tissue engineering applications.