Yannik B Schönknecht1, Silke Crommen1, Birgit Stoffel-Wagner2, Martin Coenen3, Rolf Fimmers4, Jens J Holst5, Marie-Christine Simon1, Peter Stehle1, Sarah Egert1,6. 1. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutritional Physiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53113, Germany. 2. Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany. 3. Clinical Study Core Unit, Study Center Bonn, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany. 4. Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, 53127, Germany. 5. Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark. 6. Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, 50599, Germany.
Abstract
SCOPE: The aim of this study is to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets. METHODS: In a randomized crossover design, overweight and obese participants with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases consumed three differentisoenergetic meals: Western diet-like high-fat (WDHF), Western diet-like high-carbohydrate (WDHC), and Mediterranean diet (MED) meal. Blood samples are collected at fasting and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h postprandially and analyzed for parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidation, and antioxidant status. RESULTS: Compared to MED and WDHF meals, intake of a WDHC meal results in prolonged and elevated increases in glucose and insulin. Elevations for triglycerides are enhanced after the WDHF meal compared to the MED and the WDHC meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and interleukin-6 increase postprandially without meal differences. Apart from vitamin C showing an increase after the MED meal and a decrease after WDHF and WDHC meals, antioxidant markers decrease postprandially without meal differences. Plasma interleukin-1β is not affected by meal intake. CONCLUSIONS: Energy-rich meals induce hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, an inflammatory response, and a decrease in antioxidant markers. A meal typical for the Mediterranean diet results in favorable effects on glycemic, insulinemic, and lipemic responses.
RCT Entities:
SCOPE: The aim of this study is to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets. METHODS: In a randomized crossover design, overweight and obeseparticipants with a risk phenotype for cardiometabolic diseases consumed three different isoenergetic meals: Western diet-like high-fat (WDHF), Western diet-like high-carbohydrate (WDHC), and Mediterranean diet (MED) meal. Blood samples are collected at fasting and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 h postprandially and analyzed for parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidation, and antioxidant status. RESULTS: Compared to MED and WDHF meals, intake of a WDHC meal results in prolonged and elevated increases in glucose and insulin. Elevations for triglycerides are enhanced after the WDHF meal compared to the MED and the WDHC meal. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and interleukin-6 increase postprandially without meal differences. Apart from vitamin C showing an increase after the MED meal and a decrease after WDHF and WDHC meals, antioxidant markers decrease postprandially without meal differences. Plasma interleukin-1β is not affected by meal intake. CONCLUSIONS: Energy-rich meals induce hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, an inflammatory response, and a decrease in antioxidant markers. A meal typical for the Mediterranean diet results in favorable effects on glycemic, insulinemic, and lipemic responses.
Authors: Paul Schadler; Birgit Lohberger; Bettina Thauerer; Martin Faschingbauer; Werner Kullich; Martin Helmut Stradner; Rusmir Husic; Andreas Leithner; Bibiane Steinecker-Frohnwieser Journal: Cartilage Date: 2021-07-05 Impact factor: 3.117