Yan Jing1, Zheng Wang2, Hui Li2,3, Chi Ma4, Jian Feng5. 1. Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA. yjing@tamu.edu. 2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA. 3. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Traumatic and Plastic Surgery, , West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. 4. Department of Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA. 5. Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston ave, Dallas, TX, 75246, USA. jfeng@tamu.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this review is to obtain a better understanding of how chondrogenesis defines skeletal development via cell transdifferentiation from chondrocytes to bone cells. RECENT FINDINGS: A breakthrough in cell lineage tracing allows bone biologists to trace the cell fate and demonstrate that hypertrophic chondrocytes can directly transdifferentiate into bone cells during endochondral bone formation. However, there is a knowledge gap for the biological significance of this lineage extension and the mechanisms controlling this process. This review first introduces the history of the debate on the cell fate of chondrocytes in endochondral bone formation; then summarizes key findings obtained in recent years, which strongly support a new theory: the direct cell transdifferentiation from chondrocytes to bone cells precisely connects chondrogenesis (for providing a template of the future skeleton, classified as phase I) and osteogenesis (for finishing skeletal construction, or phase II) in a continuous lineage-linked process of endochondral bone formation and limb elongation; and finally outlines nutrition factors and molecules that regulate the cell transdifferentiation process during the relay from chondrogenesis to osteogenesis.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this review is to obtain a better understanding of how chondrogenesis defines skeletal development via cell transdifferentiation from chondrocytes to bone cells. RECENT FINDINGS: A breakthrough in cell lineage tracing allows bone biologists to trace the cell fate and demonstrate that hypertrophic chondrocytes can directly transdifferentiate into bone cells during endochondral bone formation. However, there is a knowledge gap for the biological significance of this lineage extension and the mechanisms controlling this process. This review first introduces the history of the debate on the cell fate of chondrocytes in endochondral bone formation; then summarizes key findings obtained in recent years, which strongly support a new theory: the direct cell transdifferentiation from chondrocytes to bone cells precisely connects chondrogenesis (for providing a template of the future skeleton, classified as phase I) and osteogenesis (for finishing skeletal construction, or phase II) in a continuous lineage-linked process of endochondral bone formation and limb elongation; and finally outlines nutrition factors and molecules that regulate the cell transdifferentiation process during the relay from chondrogenesis to osteogenesis.
Authors: Liu Yang; Kwok Yeung Tsang; Hoi Ching Tang; Danny Chan; Kathryn S E Cheah Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2014-08-04 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Abdul Haseeb; Ranjan Kc; Marco Angelozzi; Charles de Charleroy; Danielle Rux; Robert J Tower; Lutian Yao; Renata Pellegrino da Silva; Maurizio Pacifici; Ling Qin; Véronique Lefebvre Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2021-02-23 Impact factor: 11.205