Chao Cao1, Liang Hu2, Tianlin Xu3, Qinran Liu4, Ai Koyanagi5, Lin Yang6, Andre F Carvalho7, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg8, Lee Smith9. 1. Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. 2. Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: lianghu@zju.edu.cn. 3. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. 4. Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA. 5. Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain. 6. Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada; Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. 7. Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 8. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA. 9. The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To update the prevalence of depression in the US and identify whether misperception exists in depression assessed by self-report versus validated tools administered by trained professionals. METHODS: We extracted data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, depressive symptoms, and self-reported depressive feeling from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study 2015-2018. We calculated the weighted prevalence and 95% CI of depressive symptoms assessed by a validated tool PHQ-9 (score≥10) and self-reported depression respectively. Then, we performed multivariable logistic regressions to identify their sociodemographic and lifestyle correlates. Finally, we calculated the agreement between PHQ-9 assessed depressive symptoms and self-reported depressive feeling to examine possible misperception. RESULTS: The present analysis included a total of 10,257 adults (Weighted N = 215,964,374) aged 20 years and older. Prevalence of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score ≥10) were 8.0% from 2015 to 2018 in the US. 19.7% and 11.3% adults reported feeling depressed at least once a month and at least once a week, respectively. Depressive experience was largely misperceived in the US (Kappa agreement = 50.98%, Cohen's Kappa = 0.16, p < 0.001). Particularly, an estimated 1.1 million US adults had depressive symptoms but never felt being depressed. Several consistent demographic and behavioral correlates were identified across the two measures, namely: age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty and sitting time. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of depression was found, and misperception of depression exists among the US adult population. Our findings highlight an urgent need for health professionals to reduce the burden of depression with considering patients' socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors.
PURPOSE: To update the prevalence of depression in the US and identify whether misperception exists in depression assessed by self-report versus validated tools administered by trained professionals. METHODS: We extracted data on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, medical conditions, depressive symptoms, and self-reported depressive feeling from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) study 2015-2018. We calculated the weighted prevalence and 95% CI of depressive symptoms assessed by a validated tool PHQ-9 (score≥10) and self-reported depression respectively. Then, we performed multivariable logistic regressions to identify their sociodemographic and lifestyle correlates. Finally, we calculated the agreement between PHQ-9 assessed depressive symptoms and self-reported depressive feeling to examine possible misperception. RESULTS: The present analysis included a total of 10,257 adults (Weighted N = 215,964,374) aged 20 years and older. Prevalence of depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score ≥10) were 8.0% from 2015 to 2018 in the US. 19.7% and 11.3% adults reported feeling depressed at least once a month and at least once a week, respectively. Depressive experience was largely misperceived in the US (Kappa agreement = 50.98%, Cohen's Kappa = 0.16, p < 0.001). Particularly, an estimated 1.1 million US adults had depressive symptoms but never felt being depressed. Several consistent demographic and behavioral correlates were identified across the two measures, namely: age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty and sitting time. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of depression was found, and misperception of depression exists among the US adult population. Our findings highlight an urgent need for health professionals to reduce the burden of depression with considering patients' socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors.
Authors: Yuzi Zhang; Kathryn M Janda; Nalini Ranjit; Deborah Salvo; Aida Nielsen; Alexandra van den Berg Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-01-21 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Robert M Califf; Celeste Wong; P Murali Doraiswamy; David S Hong; David P Miller; Jessica L Mega Journal: J Gen Intern Med Date: 2021-08-17 Impact factor: 6.473