Bo Mussmann1, Maryann Hardy2, Helene Jung3, Ming Ding4, Palle J Osther3, Ole Graumann5. 1. Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address: bo.mussmann@rsyd.dk. 2. Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK. 3. Urological Research Center, Department of Urology, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark. 4. Department of Orthopaedic surgery and traumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 5. Department of Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark; Research and Innovation Unit of Radiology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a single source computed tomography (CT) system utilizing fast kV switching and low dose settings can characterize (diameter and chemical composition) renal stones accurately when compared infrared spectroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chemical composition of 15 renal stones was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The stones were inserted into a porcine kidney and placed within a water tank for CT scanning using both fast kV switching dual energy and standard protocols. Effective atomic number of each stone was measured using scanner software. Stone diameter measurements were repeated twice to determine intra-rater variation and compared to actual stone diameter as measured by micro CT. RESULTS: The chemical composition of three stones (one calcium phosphate and two carbonite apatite) could not be determined using the scanner software. The composition of 10/12 remaining stones was correctly identified using dual energy computed tomography (83% absolute agreement; k = 0.69). No statistical difference (p = 0.051) was noted in the mean stone diameter as measured by clinical CT and micro CT. CONCLUSION: Dual energy computed tomography using fast kV switching may potentially be developed as a low dose clinical tool for identifying and classifying renal stones in vivo supporting clinical decision-making.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a single source computed tomography (CT) system utilizing fast kV switching and low dose settings can characterize (diameter and chemical composition) renal stones accurately when compared infrared spectroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The chemical composition of 15 renal stones was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The stones were inserted into a porcine kidney and placed within a water tank for CT scanning using both fast kV switching dual energy and standard protocols. Effective atomic number of each stone was measured using scanner software. Stone diameter measurements were repeated twice to determine intra-rater variation and compared to actual stone diameter as measured by micro CT. RESULTS: The chemical composition of three stones (one calcium phosphate and two carbonite apatite) could not be determined using the scanner software. The composition of 10/12 remaining stones was correctly identified using dual energy computed tomography (83% absolute agreement; k = 0.69). No statistical difference (p = 0.051) was noted in the mean stone diameter as measured by clinical CT and micro CT. CONCLUSION: Dual energy computed tomography using fast kV switching may potentially be developed as a low dose clinical tool for identifying and classifying renal stones in vivo supporting clinical decision-making.
Authors: Bo Mussmann; Maryann Hardy; Helene Jung; Ming Ding; Palle J Osther; Maja Lynge Fransen; Pernille Wied Greisen; Ole Graumann Journal: J Med Radiat Sci Date: 2021-06-22