Checklist of aquatic Diptera (Insecta) of Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia, a UNESCO world heritage site.

Studies on aquatic Diptera in the Plitvice Lakes National Park (Croatia) conducted in the last 50 years have produced 157 species and 7 taxa of aquatic Diptera placed in 13 families. Samples were collected at 25 sampling sites representing the four main types of karst aquatic habitats: spring, stream, tufa barriers and lakes. All records of all the aquatic families of Diptera in Plitvice Lakes NP are summarized, including previously unpublished data. Twelve species new for Plitvice Lakes NP are recorded for the first time, belonging to the families: Chironomidae - Labrundinia longipalpis (Goetghebuer, 1921), Nilothauma brayi (Goetghebuer, 1921), Potthastia longimanus Kieffer, 1922, Polypedilum (Polypedilum) nubeculosum (Meigen, 1804), Tanytarsus brundini Lindeberg, 1963; Dixidae - Dixella autumnalis (Meigen, 1838); Scathophagidae - Acanthocnema latipennis Becker, 1894 and Stratiomyidae - Oxycera pardalina Meigen, 1822, Oxycera limbata Loew, 1862, Oxycera turcica Ustuner & Hasbenli, 2004, Nemotelus pantherinus (Linnaeus, 1758), Oplodontha viridula (Fabricius, 1775). The most species-rich family was the Chironomidae with 62 species (and an additional seven taxa), followed by the Empididae with 22 species and Limoniidae with 19 species. The highest number of species was recorded in springs. The relatively low number of species in certain families and the complete absence of some aquatic families shows that further research into the aquatic Diptera in Plitvice Lakes NP is needed. Marija Ivković, Valentina Dorić, Viktor Baranov, Zlatko Mihaljević, Levente-Péter Kolcsár, Gunnar Mikalsen Kvifte, Jana Nerudova, Adrian C. Pont.

Introduction

Most people probably know true flies () mainly as a nuisance and as disease-carrying blood-sucking insects, but are also key players in the recycling of organic material in ecosystems, from the sewage of our urban communities to the leaf litter of the forest floor. In addition, provide other general ecosystem services such as pollination and pest control, but are also vectors of disease as terrestrial adults (Pape 2009; Marshall 2012; Adler and Courtney 2019).

More than any other group of macro-organisms, dominate the freshwater environment and are the most numerous group in terms of described species in freshwaters. Nearly one-third of all described fly species, roughly 46,000 species, have some connection with an aquatic environment during development process (Adler and Courtney 2019). Their abundance, omnipresence, and diversity of adaptations to the aquatic environment, position them as major drivers of ecosystem processes (Hölker et al. 2015). Fly larvae are well represented as ecosystem engineers and keystone species that alter the abiotic and biotic environments through activities such as burrowing, grazing, suspension feeding, and predation (Wotton et al. 1998; Adler and Courtney 2019). The enormous populations sometimes achieved by aquatic flies can provide the sole or major dietary component for other organisms, and as both predators and herbivores, they can serve as biological control agents (Collins and Blackwell 2000; Werner and Pont 2003; Adler and Courtney 2019). They serve as indicators of historical and future ecological and climate change while at the same time they have played a role as indicators of water quality from the earliest years of bioassessment (Walker 1987; Mihaljević et al. 1998; Larocque et al. 2001; Adler and Courtney 2019).

As holometabolous insects that undergo complete metamorphosis, all aquatic have a life cycle that includes a series of distinct stages or instars. A typical life cycle consists of a brief egg stage (usually a few days or weeks, but sometimes much longer), three or four larval instars (usually three in , four in lower , and more in , , , some , and a few others), a pupal stage of varying length, and an adult stage lasting from less than two hours () to several weeks or even months (Courtney et al. 2017; Lackmann and Butler 2018; Adler and Courtney 2019).

From all types of aquatic habitats, including tree holes to open oceans, and glacial meltwaters to hot springs, are the true conquerors of the aquatic environment. They have been found at elevations up to 5600 m in the Himalayas and at depths of more than 1000 m in Lake Baikal. Furthermore, the presence of species in mainland Antarctica (e.g., Jacobs, 1900) makes them the only group of insects inhabiting all of the world’s continents (Allegrucci et al. 2006; Ferrington et al. 2008; Adler and Courtney 2019). Aquatic are free-living insects that require a wet environment in at least one life stage (Adler and Courtney 2019) or, more strictly, aquatic are considered as those associated with water bodies (Courtney et al. 2017). Out of 158 dipteran families worldwide, 41 have aquatic representatives (Adler and Courtney 2019), and in Europe there are 130 dipteran families of which about 25 are related to aquatic habitats (Oosterbroek 2006).

Plitvice Lakes form the oldest National Park in the Balkan region and is probably one of the most famous National Parks in Europe because of its exquisite beauty. Plitvice Lakes NP was established as a National Park in 1949, and from 1979 Plitvice lakes NP has been a UNESCO world natural heritage site (Stilinović and Božičević 1998). Its importance is not only scientific, as a unique karstic phenomenon, but also as a place of huge economic importance for the local community as more than a million people per year come to visit it.

Materials and methods

Study site

Plitvice Lakes National Park (NP) is a 295 km2 forest reserve located in the karst region of the Dinaric Mountains in Croatia. The Plitvice Lakes barrage lake system consists of 16 oligotrophic, dimictic and fluvial lakes divided by tufa barriers that form an approximately 8.2 km long barrage system. The lakes are characterised by a low organic solute concentration, supersaturation with calcium salts, pH > 8.0, and the presence of algae and mosses mediating tufa barriers formation (Srdoč et al. 1985; Stilinović and Božičević 1998). After the confluence of the Bijela rijeka and Crna rijeka Rivers, they form the Matica River which is the main surface-water supplier of the lakes (Stilinović and Božičević 1998). According to the Köppen climate classification, this area is influenced by temperate and boreal climates (Šegota and Filipčić 2003).

Specimen records

This paper is based on unpublished data from our own research and on published data gleaned from the literature. Each record was georeferenced using ArcGIS software. The names of taxa presented in this checklist reflect current nomenclature and classifications (Yang et al. 2007; Ashe and O’Connor 2009, 2012; Pape and Beuk 2012; Adler and Crosskey 2018; Ivković et al. 2019; Oosterbroek 2019; Starý 2019). Locality records are listed for each species. A list of locality names including latitude, longitude, altitude, and number code for each locality is given in Table 1, and a map with all sites plotted is provided as Figure 1. Photographs of several studied sites are also given (Figs 2–7). Adult specimens were collected using emergence traps (details in Ivković et al. 2013a), sweep nets, yellow pan traps and aspirators, whereas larvae were collected by Surber sampler (25 × 25 cm) and kick-net sampler (25 × 25 cm, 500 µm mesh size). Specimens were preserved in 80% or 96% ethanol (EtOH). We identified the specimens to species level using Thomas (1997) for ; Reiss and Fittkau (1971); Bitušík (2000), Langton and Pinder (2007a, 2007b), Andersen et al. (2013), Bitušík and Hamerlík (2014), Vallenduuk (2017) for ; Disney (1999) for ; Engel (1938–1946) for ; Gorodkov (1988) for ; and Rozkošný and Kniepert (2000) for .

Table 1.

Sampling sites in National Park Plitvice Lakes, Croatia.

Site Name	Site ID	Latitude / Longitude	Elevation (m)
Spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP	1	44°49'58"N, 15°33'25"E	720
Upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP	2	44°50'04"N, 15°33'33"E	715
Plitvički Ljeskovac, Plitvice Lakes NP	3	44°50'27"N, 15°35'40"E	668
Spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP	4	44°50'14"N, 15°36'28"E	680
Upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP	5	44°50'10"N, 15°36'30"E	670
Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP	6	44°50'22"N, 15°35'59"E	665
Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP	7	44°51'33"N, 15°36'09"E	635
Tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP	8	44°52'17"N, 15°35'59"E	630
Lake Okrugljak, Plitvice Lakes NP	9	44°52'23"N, 15°35'56"E	626
Lake Batinovac, Plitvice Lakes NP	10	44°52'16"N, 15°36'11"E	624
Tufa barrier Batinovac-Crno Lake-Malo Lake-Vir, Plitvice Lakes NP	11	44°52'25"N, 15°36'10"E	603
Tufa barrier Batinovac-Galovac, Plitvice Lakes NP	12	44°52'21"N, 15°36'15"E	605
Tufa barrier Galovac-Milino, Plitvice Lakes NP	13	44°52'32"N, 15°36'29"E	594
Lake Gradinsko, Plitvice Lakes NP	14	44°52'39"N, 15°36'37"E	565
Tufa barrier Burget-Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP	15	44°52'47"N, 15°36'53"E	547
Riječica, Plitvice Lakes NP	16	44°52'27"N, 15°36'47"E	555
Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP	17	44°52'40"N, 15°37'07"E	535
Tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac,Plitvice Lakes NP	18	44°53'39"N, 15°36'32"E	545
Tufa barrier Milke Trnine, Plitvice Lakes NP	19	44°53'53"N, 15°36'39"E	540
Tufa barrier Gavanovac-Kaluđerovac, Plitvice Lakes NP	20	44°53'58"N, 15°36'39"E	537
Lake Kaluđerovac, Plitvice Lakes NP	21	44°54'02"N, 15°36'40"E	535
Tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP	22	44°54'08"N, 15°36'38"E	505
Stream Sartuk, Plitvice Lakes NP	23	44⁰55'57"N, 15⁰33'10"E	765
Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP	24	44°54'08"N, 15°36'27"E	555
Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP	25	44°55'33"N, 15°37'09"E	390

Figure 1.

Sampling sites in Plitvice Lakes National Park (see Table 1 for codes).

Figure 2.

Spring of Crna Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes National Park.

Figure 7.

Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes National Park.

Crna Rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes National Park.

Tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes National Park.

Tufa barrier Galovac-Milino, Plitvice Lakes National Park.

Lake Kaluđerovac and Tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes National Park.

Results and discussion

List of aquatic of National Park Plitvice Lakes

The following format is used for the distribution data: literature references (name of the site and in parentheses the citation of site ID and the reference); new records (life stage in which the identifications were made, i.e., adult ♂, ♀ and larvae, name of the site and in parentheses the site ID, date of collection and the collector if possible). New species for Plitvice Lakes NP are listed with an asterisk before the name of the species. All the sites and site ID are listed in Table 1.

Family

(Fabricius, 1781)

87CDF707-0E08-5F6B-A99C-2D9E7130BA9F

Literature reference.

• tufa barrier Burget-Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (15) (Sertić Perić et al. 2014).

New records.

• 1♂; tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8); 26 Jul. 2010; M. Ivković leg. • 1♂; tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18); 28 Jun. 2012; M. Ivković leg. • 1♀; same site; 25 Jul. 2014; M. Ivković leg. • 3♂, 6♀; tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22); 25 Jul. 2007; M. Ivković leg. • 10♂, 21♀; same site; 30 Aug. 2007; M. Ivković leg. • 1♂, 6♀; Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25); 29 Aug. 2008; M. Ivković leg.

Subfamily

(Staeger, 1839)

C25483A9-BCAA-5756-A30C-26DCDA9C5869

Literature reference.

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Staeger, 1839)

BCA923D9-A870-5C06-AF15-E0DA80FF9BA9

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Remark.

Mentioned as (Staeger, 1839) in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971), an accepted synonym of in Spies and Saether (2013).

Moller Pillot, 2009

2C07335F-D686-55CD-BB7D-5ECB13DFCC1B

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Walker, 1856)

AC71FAC3-99E1-50B8-A797-99456A8D11FE

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Kieffer, 1921

73F2F850-B1DE-5D9E-BC00-694DE9D8BBAE

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Kieffer, 1921 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971) a synonym of in Moller Pillot (2009).

(Walker, 1856)

0BF98A90-1F03-5FEC-A5AE-C237C98AEB17

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Giłka, Zakrzewska, Baranov & Dominiak, 2013

47831FF9-7B84-50AD-B9C9-FD7D21615E4E

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Giłka et al. 2013, Ivković et al. 2015) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(De Geer, 1776)

7AD95E4F-8FA6-5247-9EF2-86947B2F950D

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Walker, 1856)

9718CB8D-D206-5524-912B-796BE9086763

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Goetghebuer, 1921)

4A527B62-F4C2-563B-AF64-2AF18BE0D2B2

New record.

• 1 larva; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.

(Kieffer, 1913)

26F507B8-80FD-5B5C-BE25-2DBDF991A4AE

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Kieffer, 1909)

9BE9F6E4-8671-5444-A1A7-1DBEFB5D0597

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Meigen, 1818)

ED8B64D7-62CA-587E-9888-522E65705FBD

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Meigen 1818)

60DD7E19-A4FD-5E1B-8675-71343BB0E986

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

• 24 larvae; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.

(Kieffer, 1916)

874B0C86-3490-527C-9D24-7E69CCCF9C25

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Kieffer, 1913 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971), an accepted synonym of in Spies and Saether (2013).

(Meigen, 1804)

C5F9E341-88AA-502B-88E3-03CD1FCDF6B9

• 6 larvae; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.

(Schrank, 1803)

730F9836-9806-572D-BCE9-E750CA6A3CF5

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Chernovskij, 1949 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971), an accepted synonym of in Spies and Saether (2013).

Fittkau, 1960

5DE20CEC-C723-5214-B07C-1A9BEA26EA8E

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Kieffer, 1909)

D547F5D3-0DEA-53C1-82C9-D43E49C0E251

Literature references.

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Galovac-Milino, Plitvice Lakes NP (13) • tufa barrier Burget-Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (15) • tufa barrier Milke Trnine, Plitvice Lakes NP (19) (Matoničkin et al. 1971, Matoničkin 1987).

Mentioned as Kieffer, 1909 in Matoničkin et al. (1971) and Matoničkin (1987), an accepted synonym of in Spies and Saether (2013).

(Kieffer, 1911)

F11B51BB-293B-52C8-B92C-4DC42DA76E81

• Plitvički Ljeskovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (3) (Matoničkin 1987) • Lake Batinovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (10) (Matoničkin et al. 1971) • tufa barrier Batinovac-Crno Lake-Malo Lake-Vir, Plitvice Lakes NP (11) (Matoničkin 1987) • Lake Gradinsko, Plitvice Lakes NP (14) • tufa barrier Burget-Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (15) (Matoničkin et al. 1971).

New records.

• 50 larvae; Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7); 17 Sep. 2018 • 92 larvae; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.

Lindeberg, 1963

DA0AFD92-C2A7-5BEE-9D7F-416BE7EBB886

• 2♂; tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18); 30 Jun. 2009; M. Ivković leg.

Goetghebuer, 1923

D436D237-C01C-52DF-A202-90160E600DB8

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Kieffer & Bause, 1913

4BD0BA3D-F63B-50A6-9ED0-883C2C302DF7

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(van der Wulp, 1859)

02FA1371-DEF8-503C-9AE3-FCE0AF32A705

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Serra-Tosio, 1970

EEA5D26F-D309-50CD-AB33-AC6FEA476C20

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Baranov et al. 2012, Ivković et al. 2015).

(Haliday in Walker, 1856)

0D33D5F2-6609-55AB-8E3F-4E603BECBD99

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Kieffer, 1922

70DA206E-DE7C-5969-9ABC-FDD235AE6287

• 1 larva; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.

(Kieffer, 1918)

90541D98-D274-526B-8B3C-CEE1D7E5867D

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Meigen, 1818)

D4FD825E-7CCF-527C-9639-0945F0A16FD9

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015) • Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Matoničkin et al. 1971, Matoničkin 1987) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971) • tufa barrier Gavanovac-Kaluđervoac, Plitvice Lakes NP (20) (Matoničkin 1987) • Lake Kaluđerovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (21) (Matoničkin et al. 1971).

(Zetterstedt, 1850)

458FCB5C-CEF8-541C-BAE9-ACE4A26930B9

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Brundin, 1949 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971), mentioned as a synonym of in Moller Pillot (2013).

(Kieffer, 1909)

231CEDE8-8356-5C18-A778-E2381911B244

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Kieffer, 1921

B46F7BAB-4B89-56EE-9757-DA20D93E42B4

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Edwards, 1929)

63081F75-2A40-59E1-83AE-A14E1F2D0180

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1818)

10FE5732-0FD7-59B2-9E9A-943AD597B6B1

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1818)

E776E3FA-E8BE-5D24-9EFF-ECDC7D631BFD

• Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Matoničkin, 1971).

Mentioned as (Meigen, 1818) in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971).

(Kieffer, 1909)

1DD3F320-4329-5ADB-A3CA-B7F02DD2DE55

• Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Matoničkin, 1971).

Mentioned as Edwards, 1929 in Matoničkin et al. (1971), known as a questionable synonym of in Ashe and O’Connor (2012).

Edwards, 1924

7EB70878-7EA5-5FD4-B886-7AFFB8D3B95D

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Edwards, 1929)

CDE12BFA-6694-5BFC-98E0-F1C746703CB9

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Edwards, 1929)

52582C76-0842-5086-8DF1-DC044BA68BE5

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Matoničkin et al. 1971).

Mentioned as Kieffer in Matoničkin et al. (1971), an accepted synonym of in Spies and Saether (2013).

(Edwards, 1929)

473BD6F5-44E8-5340-BECC-3393F8302A2F

• Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Matoničkin 1987).

Mentioned as Chernovskij, 1949 in Matoničkin (1987); see Discussion for more details.

(Edwards, 1929)

AE2BDAB7-C0B2-55F8-A4E9-5F9E5F979C4C

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Kieffer, 1924)

523D5A20-3738-5B3E-9D9C-83F78EB83B2D

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Walker, 1856)

4E67570B-C955-524E-AC43-A60F6AC9263D

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Edwards, 1929)

2EEFF656-B8CB-58B0-91CB-82E3BEDC3FBE

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Langton & Pinder, 2007

86931162-9499-5280-94FB-6CD995301035

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Langton & Pinder, 2007

A4809316-F30F-5C1E-A77B-1D06A1E5127A

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Holmgren, 1883)

ABC0FCDF-ADD6-5B24-86DC-E5EB09361848

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Sæther, 1995

8FD409FF-11CD-56D6-8E12-5C47A6610D37

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Zetterstedt, 1838)

AB781654-BCB3-5CF1-B280-3BA2B2238F3B

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Walker, 1856)

BA2439DB-2038-542C-862A-72E68140865C

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Pankratova, 1970 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971), a synonym of in Moller Pillot (2013).

(Spaerck, 1923)

32BC2406-F9FF-517E-8B21-B1BA81A0A177

• Plitvički Ljeskovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (3) (Matoničkin 1987) • tufa barrier Burget-Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (15) (Matoničkin et al. 1971, Matoničkin 1987) • tufa barrier Gavanovac-Kaluđerovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (20) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Matoničkin 1987).

• 11 larvae; Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018 • 2♂; tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18); 30 Nov. 2009; M. Ivković leg.

Mentioned as Chernovskij, 1949 in Matoničkin et al. (1971) and Matoničkin (1987), a synonym of in Moller Pillot (2013).

Moller Pillot, 2013

9928C8EF-BBC3-5C8A-AE77-8BD046432E13

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Moller Pillot, 2013

091E1A71-3CC9-51CA-9AD3-A83D1B7BD4F0

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Walker, 1856)

72C9ADC2-CB0B-5E70-B6EE-1FE7D7F23182

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Moller Pillot, 2013

6374D05F-0974-5CC4-938A-D6AB02265B2F

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Edwards, 1929)

9A79A9FA-7F4D-53CA-93C9-D6FDEBEF99AD

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Edwards, 1929)

9842176A-60F7-5D5B-9317-3A0FEFE45634

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Matoničkin et al. 1971, Matoničkin 1987) • Crna Rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Matoničkin 1987).

(Kieffer, 1906)

49DFA0B8-E2BD-5EE4-9BBB-A42437B6D962

• Crna Rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) (Matoničkin 1987).

(Walker, 1856)

24F0760D-B489-5606-A809-502908DAD481

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Kieffer, 1909)

1E53DD43-8034-5819-930E-8400326B7F89

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

• 1 larva; Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7); 26 Jul. 2019.

Kieffer, 1909

3579455D-D460-59F9-9A9D-3377DA6702D6

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Edwards, 1929)

9016265A-9D78-5066-9E97-B1DB5FA5B52A

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

(Linnaeus, 1758)

5883403F-3BD9-5FE5-B982-FCD9965DB13C

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Linnaeus, 1758 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971).

(Zetterstedt, 1838)

6CC14F8D-C278-5EE0-838B-1EF2EB4669AD

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Zetterstedt, 1838 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971) which is probably a misspelling.

(Goetghebuer, 1921)

E5F4D89D-AE54-52BA-967B-661A9CAF0C9E

• 9 larvae; Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7); 26 Jul. 2019.

(Wiedemann, 1817)

DFB8F68B-C564-5263-907F-E141C141F9F5

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Kieffer, 1912

46E9C450-05D4-5D61-9FB8-6157C4A8CDD1

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Meigen, 1804)

F46AF496-485B-52A3-B9A4-1C86B14A1011

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

(Fabricius, 1805)

68168E54-6236-5717-9AEF-996799F24A41

• Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić 1971).

Mentioned as Fabricius, 1805 in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971).

Strobl, 1900

E6819CE9-0152-5751-825F-EBD9956A5035

• Stream Sartuk, Plitvice Lakes NP (23) (Ivković and Ivanković 2019).

Meigen, 1818

D070D6BD-29DF-5E45-A450-F6100507ED68

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) (Ivanković et al. 2019).

Meigen, 1830

C3CB7468-FD6C-5F7C-8580-DF112382086B

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Ivanković et al. 2019) • Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Ivković and Ivanković 2019).• tufa barrier Kozjak- Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivanković et al. 2019).

Curtis, 1832

E1E3AAD8-B79F-5E2B-A46C-59046BF2EE81

• Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (Ivanković et al. 2019) (25).

Loew, 1849

58060D95-036B-5BDF-9608-4B47A3700125

• spring of Bijela rijeka stream, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Ivanković et al. 2019) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) (Ivanković et al. 2019) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak- Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivanković et al. 2019, Ivković and Ivanković 2019) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivanković et al. 2019).

Edwards, 1920

2058B08C-EE33-5E01-833E-FF4EBC3E5778

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) (Ivanković et al. 2019).

(Meigen, 1818)

254947C7-C4FB-5D79-B0CF-E00758EB3A75

• Lake Okrugljak, Plitvice Lakes NP (9) • Riječica, Plitvice Lakes NP (16) (Matoničkin 1987).

(De Geer, 1776)

C0F61D81-3852-58D5-8434-79BA8D82B3A5

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Matoničkin 1987).

New record.

• 1 larva; lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 11 Jul. 2019.

(Meigen, 1838)

7E69F4E3-3E1C-5F81-9F57-004234263752

• 1 larva; lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17); 18 Jul. 2018.

(Haliday, 1833)

21DB4238-A63C-5BAD-B628-93A3F97DBBED

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

• 1♂; tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8); 26 Jul. 2013; M. Ivković leg.

(Macquart, 1835)

C6650BC1-F024-5414-8721-0028034C2DBE

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Haliday, 1833)

CDB3172F-F8B7-5637-A7B9-58E90EADF88E

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Costa, 1854)

B1B8821F-8B5C-55EA-AA43-B339060DA2D6

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Mik, 1880)

D5C8CE79-EB70-5EB0-B39E-B2BC70E3EF00

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Haliday, 1833)

BF9404AB-46F4-5C04-AAEF-DC5CC38F2A68

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Ivković et al. 2010).

(Loew, 1869)

49227207-B89D-5149-9112-FCD1307DA120

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Loew, 1869)

2E9B3F9D-718F-5C0E-9E94-64BB877D2F40

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Fallén, 1826)

DD0CA69A-6960-50A1-B38E-796B144939CF

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2010).

Collin, 1927

9C1F6129-2A5D-5E88-B042-95456EEC3180

• Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Horvat 1990, Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Zetterstedt, 1838)

6C8DAD32-B79A-56D1-801F-11050BBAE9C4

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

Collin, 1961

A988FC28-CA38-519F-AFC7-050248103433

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Fallén, 1816)

771B2DE7-44E2-5DED-8564-D239B67CE25E

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

Vaillant, 1981

9C98ABD7-0199-5A0D-9F8D-7F93370A13B8

• Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

Wagner, 1984

67055991-0C4B-50A5-911D-25F87D4927F8

• spring of Bijela Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Schiner, 1862)

5215CF54-6634-5300-88D7-711C6F7A9CCC

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Zetterstedt, 1838)

1BF23556-4AE3-5239-A8AB-43EE829B622C

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes (4) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

Collin, 1927

957BA7DF-D47A-5AB2-A9D1-D2F7D187F3A0

• Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • Lake Prošće, Plitvice Lakes NP (7) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

Collin, 1927

0E5ABF0D-1270-5146-B80C-B885F3140CD1

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Horvat 1990, Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

• 1♂, 43♀; tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18); 29 Jun. 2015.

(Fallén, 1816)

247F6D38-78B9-579C-988B-3855D978568F

• tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

Meigen, 1830

BE53DCC6-4210-5602-96DC-1A6F4C96EB77

• Lake Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (17) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Ivković et al. 2013b).

Zetterstedt, 1842

E3B59BCB-3964-55EE-9FA5-EA8BFD83C517

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a).

(Macquart, 1835)

5E93522D-9D29-52D1-8776-C1236BEC22E6

• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1818)

887DCDAA-C9AF-518E-8A23-CD2110C9039B

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Goetghebuer, 1920

87F2B8EA-62E5-579E-A732-F737B2C7FBDE

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Starý, 1971

150515A9-75EA-5EB7-A0B8-86923EDFC614

• Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Strobl, 1895)

4531046C-0271-5D3A-A5C8-ECD5F3245CD2

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Tjeder, 1967

7021B698-19F4-5F54-8591-7DD134FF4C80

• Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Kolenati, 1860

B2CB51D1-19A0-5065-BF8A-A0FD38185E5E

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Loew, 1871)

A1D46072-7702-57D4-9C82-986C272023E3

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1804)

7D481999-D07F-569B-B913-D391D18CF335

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Linnaeus, 1760)

1A6F3674-0968-53B8-9C62-313E0C3EEDA3

• spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

This species is not aquatic. Larvae develop in forests, woodlands, larvae associated with woody debris.

(Scopoli, 1763)

62721BAB-0315-56D1-BF2D-CCBC173F9A85

• tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Haliday, 1833)

2CECCDE0-FBE2-5580-8875-16B73C905EFB

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1830)

16F577E3-7A4C-5B42-92F7-0BE01A7918C5

• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1818)

080E5B59-2834-5EC3-98C1-2F45E1ED8B92

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Larvae associated with rotting woody debris, but sometimes also reared from semiaquatic habitats; larvae possibly feeding in partially submerged wood.

(Meigen, 1804)

98DF9E35-55D4-5034-AC9D-2180C97B2797

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Lackschewitz, 1941

3015A999-BC76-5888-BCB7-972E15EC89FD

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1830)

EAAE2F6C-EF9E-5372-B4C1-8B0CB21F711B

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Remarks.

Mentioned as (Meigen, 1830) complex by Kolcsár et al. (2015). After re-identification of specimens by Kolcsár L.-P., using the identification key published by Starý and Stubbs (2015), it was confirmed that the specimens belong to (Meigen, 1830).

(Strobl, 1898)

2DC905E5-2FFF-507F-AE0C-43F57D066A3F

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Larvae unknown, but perhaps not associated with aquatic habitats as other species have terrestrial larvae.

Loew, 1873

D68D57B9-F6DA-5889-9E15-AA3AF8E2F610

• Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Pont & Ivković, 2013

C16C77CB-440E-5ED3-95B7-BB203DB80BF5

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Pont and Ivković 2013, Ivković and Pont 2016) • spring of Crna Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Pont and Ivković 2013) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Pont and Ivković 2013, Ivković and Pont 2016) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Pont and Ivković 2013).

Lyneborg, 1965

5698E78C-09C8-5204-A8D3-19830CB4869D

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Pont and Ivković 2013, Ivković and Pont 2016).

(Loew, 1860)

3B6C0FE3-FC5E-5A0C-861D-213DA82D50DA

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Pont and Ivković 2013, Ivković and Pont 2016) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Pont and Ivković 2013).

(Fallén, 1824)

2144160F-1ED9-5AE2-9BD3-271EBFD88CB3

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Pont and Ivković 2013) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Matoničkin et al. 1971, Pont and Ivković 2013, Ivković and Pont 2016) • tufa barrier Batinovac-Galovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (12) • tufa barrier Galovac-Milino, Plitvice Lakes NP (13) • tufa barrier Burget-Kozjak, Plitvice Lakes NP (15) (Matoničkin et al. 1971) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Pont and Ivković 2013, Ivković and Pont 2016) • tufa barrier Milke Trnine, Plitvice Lakes NP (19) (Matoničkin et al. 1971) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Pont and Ivković 2013).

Schnabl, 1911

81CB66C4-227E-5C59-8C53-B2AA7B5BFE75

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Pont and Ivković 2013) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Pont and Ivković 2013, Ivković and Pont 2016) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Pont and Ivković 2013).

(Am Stein, 1860)

688016FE-70D9-55A1-BB56-FBD59CDE9776

• Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Pont and Ivković 2013).

(Fallén, 1825)

3280BFB0-F31D-583F-ABCC-7B48C316D39E

• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Ivković and Pont 2016) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Pont and Ivković 2013).

(De Geer, 1776)

CB0C4188-8037-5C3B-9506-C5C56B04FE43

• Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković and Pont 2015).

(Rondani, 1877)

BF74A91A-26AB-57EC-A2F0-54E6BB89579F

• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Ivković and Pont 2015).

(Zetterstedt, 1838)

614C2883-E2E2-5327-B05B-C284C8C46E31

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković and Pont 2015).

(Schummel, 1829)

BC0C4A13-7547-5BEF-89BD-AC4BA5A5749F

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Haliday, 1833)

F006DE3F-BB08-506E-B6DF-2B2E341ADE88

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1830)

4DE18219-F6C5-5599-80F1-4EF60128F8D2

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

(Meigen, 1804)

083D0FD8-39AB-5AB9-9F8B-98D3B1417D43

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • spring of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Kolcsár et al. 2015).

Jung, 1954

E9E6EA3C-168C-5DD1-9AE2-42998A488E5F

• spring of Crna Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Ivković et al. 2015).

Jung, 1953

C60EDF74-8AD7-5CBA-BCDD-09B64BA4E855

• spring of Crna Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kvifte et al. 2013, Ivković et al. 2015).

Kvifte, Ivković & Klarić, 2013

F454712F-963C-5931-A9AF-FF7D276290B4

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • spring of Crna Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kvifte et al. 2013, Ivković et al. 2015).

Eaton, 1893

031B6CE1-D5B4-5FCC-8255-1538ECFF3FFE

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Kvifte et al. 2013).

Kvifte & Ivković, 2018

CB2F82EF-A073-5933-92F2-17CC3CEA6BA7

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Kvifte and Ivković 2018).

Krek, 1972

81B26EC8-4B7F-5A69-8BB7-544D2C166639

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Kvifte et al. 2013).

Zetterstedt, 1850 complex

55CA66F4-222D-56E6-90F6-F261C591AC79

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Kvifte et al. 2013).

(Eaton, 1904)

88DEC171-BB90-5BF8-A63B-672FD70565ED

• spring of Crna Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (4) (Kvifte et al. 2013, Ivković et al. 2015).

(Vaillant, 1963)

375A427F-4BAC-533D-8D1E-03018274B079

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Kvifte et al. 2013, Ivković et al. 2015).

Becker, 1894

A2F327BF-7094-5F8D-8BEC-9031612EFB78

• 4♂; spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1); 26 Jul. 2016; M. Ivković leg. • 2♂; tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18); 29 Apr. 2015; M. Ivković leg.

(Enderlein, 1921)

9B97DF10-CCE3-52F6-8190-29C4934968D1

• Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

Edwards, 1915

589F1997-3327-5C89-B866-BDEFF9C00769

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

(Sherban, 1961)

EA0C9106-5195-5530-9B09-32EC39645B0C

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) (Ivković et al. 2016).

(Lundström, 1911)

361456AD-F826-5F02-89D3-D4A9000AD5D3

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) (Ivković et al. 2016).

Friederichs, 1920

4748DB72-2F0E-5ECF-8291-8932485995B2

• spring of Bijela Rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) • upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

Friederichs, 1920

3BC596D9-DA46-58F0-9680-74917B42FE92

• upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2) • Crna rijeka by the bridge, Plitvice Lakes NP (6) • tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

• 7♂; tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18); 28 Jun. 2007; M. Ivković leg.

Meigen, 1818 (complex)

52B1B217-4143-5EA3-BB99-DA68E583FA8D

• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

• 4♂; tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8); 29 May 2009; M. Ivković leg. • 3♂; same site; 30 Jun. 2009; M. Ivković leg.

Curtis, 1839

44D611C1-3239-5A57-9025-1FEC7BC9BB1F

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

(Lundström, 1911)

11EA5F96-54B1-556F-ADB6-B4C3D8587AC9

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

Meigen, 1818

322E55B6-6684-5874-B665-EDE294B27AFC

• tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Stream Plitvica, Plitvice Lakes NP (24) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

Meigen, 1818

9DE2D9AD-F50C-5643-952D-2CA1DF8FBEF7

• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) • Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

Séguy, 1921

AE4EDA02-B721-59B7-AA54-2E9A88CAB941

• tufa barrier Kozjak-Milanovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (18) • tufa barrier Novakovića Brod, Plitvice Lakes NP (22) (Ivković et al. 2012b, 2014).

Formerly this was misidentified as (Linnaeus, 1758) in Ivković et al. (2012, 2014, 2016).

Meigen, 1822

DAB1EB86-FBE7-5EAB-A0E8-6DA175BA23C1

• 1 larva; spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1); 30 May 2008; M. Ivković leg. • 6 larvae; upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (2); 29 May 2007; M. Ivković leg. • 1♀; same site; 26 Jul. 2010; M. Ivković leg. • 1 larva; upper reach of Crna rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (5); 30 Apr. 2007; M. Ivković leg. • 4 larvae; same site; 29 May 2007; M. Ivković leg. • 1 larva, 1♀; same site; 30 Jun. 2007; M. Ivković leg. • 2 larvae; same site; 30 Apr. 2008; M. Ivković leg. • 1 larva; same site; 30 May 2008; M. Ivković leg. • 1♀; tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8); 30 Jun. 2008; M. Ivković leg. • 1♂; same site; 30 Jun. 2011; M. Ivković leg. • 1♀; same site; 28 Jun. 2012; M. Ivković leg.

Loew, 1862

ECB27779-8C33-54D0-B430-F4A76F0A8CD9

• 1♀; tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8); 25 Jul. 2011; M. Ivković leg. • 3♂; Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25); 29 Jun. 2007; M. Ivković leg.

Ustuner & Hasbenli, 2004

F2F11AE7-AA40-5D75-98BD-7FABF7E28E02

• 3♂, 2♀; Korana Village, Plitvice Lakes NP (25); 29 Jun. 2007; M. Ivković leg. • 1♂, 2♀; same site; 26 Jul. 2007; M. Ivković leg.

(Linnaeus, 1758)

8BAC8E33-144E-56B2-89DE-16451CD18E16

• 1♀; upper reach of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1); 24 Jul. 2009; M. Ivković leg.

(Fabricius, 1775)

E0F1C82F-BE1E-5499-966C-0E1E87F342CD

• 1♀; tufa barrier Labudovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (8); 26 Jul. 2010; M. Ivković leg.

(Linnaeus, 1758)

B25E33ED-860D-5785-986B-09C5FDBA21BF

• Plitvički Ljeskovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (3) (Krčmar et al. 2008).

(Fabricius, 1794)

F67AF0F4-2578-582A-8CA2-D2D55ADD6BF4

• Plitvički Ljeskovac, Plitvice Lakes NP (3) (Krčmar et al. 2008).

Meigen, 1818

39D18816-4A7F-5D2B-85F6-C525A5B541D0

• spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1) (Ivković et al. 2015).

• 2♂; spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1); 1 Oct. 2009; M. Ivković leg. • 1♂; spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1); 2 Nov. 2011; M. Ivković leg. • 1♀; spring of Bijela rijeka, Plitvice Lakes NP (1); 27 Jun. 2013; M. Ivković leg.

Species richness and assemblage composition

In total, 157 species and 7 taxa of aquatic (Table 2) belonging to 13 families, collected from 25 sites (Table 1, Figure 1) are recorded in the Plitvice Lakes NP, with twelve species new for the dipteran fauna of the National Park. New species belonging to the family are (Goetghebuer, 1921), (Goetghebuer, 1921), Kieffer, 1922, (Meigen, 1804) and Lindeberg, 1963; to the family is (Meigen, 1838), and Becker, 1894. New species found in the Plitvice Lakes NP belonging to family are Meigen, 1822, Loew, 1862, Ustuner & Hasbenli, 2004, (Linnaeus, 1758), and (Fabricius, 1775).

Table 2.

Aquatic at different types of karstic habitats in National Park Plitvice Lakes.

Species/Habitat type	Spring	Stream	Tufa barrier	Lake
Athericidae
Ibisia marginata (Fabricius, 1781)		•	•
Chironomidae
Ablabesmyia (Ablabesmyia) monilis (Linnaeus, 1758)				•
Acricotopus lucens (Zetterstedt, 1850)				•
Apsectrotanypus trifascipennis (Zetterstedt, 1838)				•
Brillia bifida (Kieffer, 1909)	•
Brillia longifurca Kieffer, 1921				•
Chaetocladius dentiforceps (Edwards, 1929)	•
Chaetocladius melaleucus (Meigen, 1818)	•
Corynoneura lobata Edwards, 1924	•
Cricotopus (Cricotopus) bicinctus (Meigen, 1818)				•
Cricotopus (Cricotopus) fuscus (Kieffer, 1909)		•
Cryptochironomus (Cryptochironomus) albofasciatus (Staeger, 1839)				•
Diamesa (Diamesa) thomasi Serra-Tosio, 1970	•
Diamesa (Diamesa) tonsa (Haliday in Walker, 1856)	•
Dicrotendipes nervosus (Staeger, 1839)				•
Einfeldia dissidens (Walker, 1856)				•
Endochironomus cf. dispar sensu Moller Pillot, 2009				•
Epoicocladius ephemerae (Kieffer, 1924)	•
Eukiefferiella devonica (Edwards, 1929)	•
Eukiefferiella ilkleyensis (Edwards, 1929)	•
Eukiefferiella minor (Edwards, 1929)	•
Eukiefferiella gracei (Edwards, 1929)	•
Harinischia fuscimanus Kieffer, 1921				•
Heterotrissocladius marcidus (Walker, 1856)				•
Krenopelopia binotata (Wiedemann, 1817)	•
Labrundinia longipalpis (Goetghebuer, 1921)				•
Limnophyes cf. minimus sensu Langton & Pinder, 2007	•
Limnophyes gurgicola (Edwards, 1929)	•
Macropelopia cf. fehlmanni sensu Kieffer, 1912				•
Metriocnemus cf. albolineatus sensu Langton & Pinder, 2007	•
Metriocnemus eurynothus (Holmgren, 1883)	•
Metriocnemus intergerivus Sæther, 1995	•
Micropsectra notescens (Walker, 1856)	•
Micropsectra uva Giłka, Zakrzewska, Baranov & Dominiak, 2013	•
Microtendipes pedellus (De Geer, 1776)				•
Microtendipes tarsalis (Walker, 1856)				•
Monodiamesa bathyphila (Kieffer, 1918)				•
Nilothauma brayi (Goetghebuer, 1921)				•
Orthocladius (Mesorthocladius) frigidus (Zetterstedt 1838)	•
Paracladius conversus (Walker, 1856)				•
Paracladopelma camptolabis (Kieffer, 1913)				•
Parametriocnemus cf. stylatus sensu Moller Pillot, 2013	•
Parametriocnemus stylatus (Spaerck, 1923)		•	•
Paraphaenocladius cf. exagitans sensu Moller Pillot, 2013	•
Paraphaenocladius impensus (Walker, 1856)	•
Paraphaenocladius cf. irritus sensu Moller Pillot, 2013	•
Paratanytarsus lauterborni (Kieffer, 1909)				•
Paratendipes albimanus (Meigen, 1818)				•
Paratrichocladius skirwithensis (Edwards, 1929)	•
Phaenopsectra flavipes (Meigen 1818)	•			•
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) exsectum (Kieffer, 1916)				•
Polypedilum (Polypedilum) nubeculosum (Meigen, 1804)				•
Polypedilum (Tripodura) scalaenum (Schrank, 1803)				•
Potthastia longimanus Kieffer, 1922				•
Procladius (Holotanypus) choreus (Meigen, 1804)				•
Prodiamesa olivacea (Meigen, 1818)	•		•	•
Psectrocladius (Psectrocladius) barbimanus (Edwards, 1929)		•	•
Psectrocladius (Psectrocladius) psilopterus (Kieffer, 1906)		•
Rheocricotopus effusus (Walker, 1856)	•
Rheotanytarsus nigricauda Fittkau, 1960	•
Rheotanytarsus pentapoda (Kieffer, 1909)			•
Stempellina bausei (Kieffer, 1911)		•	•	•
Synorthocladius semivirens (Kieffer, 1909)	•
Tanytarsus brundini Lindeberg, 1963			•
Tanytarsus heusdensis Goetghebuer, 1923				•
Thienemannia gracilis Kieffer, 1909	•
Thienemannimyia carnea (Fabricius, 1805)				•
Tvetenia veralli (Edwards, 1929)	•
Zavrelia pentatoma Kieffer & Bause, 1913				•
Zavreliella marmorata (van der Wulp, 1859)				•
Dixidae
Dixa dilatata Strobl, 1900		•
Dixa maculata Meigen, 1818		•	•
Dixa nebulosa Meigen, 1830		•	•	•
Dixa nubilipennis Curtis, 1832		•
Dixa puberula Loew, 1849	•	•	•
Dixa submaculata Edwards, 1920	•	•	•
Dixella aestivalis (Meigen, 1818)		•		•
Dixella amphibia (De Geer, 1776)			•
Dixella autumnalis (Meigen, 1838)				•
Empididae
Chelifera concinnicauda Collin, 1927		•	•
Chelifera flavella (Zetterstedt, 1838)	•	•
Chelifera precabunda Collin, 1961	•	•
Chelifera precatoria (Fallén, 1816)	•	•
Chelifera pyrenaica Vaillant, 1981		•	•
Chelifera siveci Wagner, 1984	•	•
Chelifera stigmatica (Schiner, 1862)		•	•
Chelifera trapezina (Zetterstedt, 1838)	•	•
Clinocera stagnalis (Haliday, 1833)	•	•
Clinocera wesmaeli (Macquart, 1835)	•
Dolichocephala guttata (Haliday, 1833)	•	•
Dolichocephala ocellata (Costa, 1854)	•	•
Hemerodromia laudatoria Collin, 1927		•		•
Hemerodromia melangyna Collin, 1927		•	•
Hemerodromia oratoria (Fallén, 1816)		•	•
Hemerodromia raptoria Meigen, 1830			•	•
Hemerodromia unilineata Zetterstedt, 1842		•	•
Kowarzia barbatula (Mik, 1880)	•	•	•
Kowarzia bipunctata (Haliday, 1833)		•
Wiedemannia aquilex (Loew, 1869)	•	•
Wiedemannia lamellata (Loew, 1869)	•	•	•
Wiedemannia zetterstedti (Fallén, 1826)	•
Limoniidae
Antocha (Antocha) vitripennis (Meigen, 1830)		•	•
Dicranomyia (Dicranomyia) chorea (Meigen, 1818)	•	•	•
Dicranomyia (Dicranomyia) didyma (Meigen, 1804)	•	•	•
Dicranomyia (Dicranomyia) imbecilla Lackschewitz, 1941	•		•
Dicranomyia (Dicranomyia) mitis (Meigen, 1830) complex		•
Ellipteroides (Ellipteroides) lateralis (Macquart, 1835)			•
Eloeophila apicata (Loew, 1871)		•
Eloeophila maculata (Meigen, 1804)		•
Epiphragma (Epiphragma) ocellare (Linnaeus, 1760)	•
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) tenella (Meigen, 1818)	•	•
Hexatoma (Eriocera) chirothecata (Scopoli, 1763)		•	•
Limonia hercegovinae (Strobl, 1898)	•	•
Lipsothrix nobilis Loew, 1873		•	•
Molophilus (Molophilus) bifidus Goetghebuer, 1920	•
Molophilus (Molophilus) repentinus Starý, 1971		•
Ormosia (Oreophila) bergrothi (Strobl, 1895)	•
Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) senilis (Haliday, 1833)	•	•
Rhabdomastix (Rhabdomastix) edwardsi Tjeder, 1967		•
Rhypholophus phryganopterus Kolenati, 1860	•
Muscidae
Limnophora croatica Pont & Ivković, 2013	•	•	•
Limnophora olympiae Lyneborg, 1965	•		•
Limnophora pulchriceps (Loew, 1860)		•	•
Limnophora riparia (Fallén, 1824)	•	•	•
Limnophora setinerva Schnabl, 1911	•	•	•
Limnophora tigrina (Am Stein, 1860)		•
Limnophora triangula (Fallén, 1825)		•	•
Lispe tentaculata (De Geer, 1776)		•
Lispocephala brachialis (Rondani, 1877)			•
Lispocephala spuria (Zetterstedt, 1838)	•
Pediciidae
Dicranota (Dicranota) bimaculata (Schummel, 1829)	•
Dicranota (Paradicranota) pavida (Haliday, 1833)		•
Pedicia (Amalopis) occulta (Meigen, 1830)	•	•
Tricyphona (Tricyphona) immaculata (Meigen, 1804)	•	•	•
Psychodidae
Sycorax feuerborni Jung, 1954	•
Sycorax tonnoiri Jung, 1953	•
Berdeniella keroveci Kvifte, Ivković & Klarić, 2013	•
Pericoma blandula Eaton, 1893			•
Pericoma miljenkoi Kvifte & Ivković, 2018			•
Pericoma pseudocalcilega Krek, 1972			•
Psychoda (Logima) albipennis Zetterstedt, 1850 complex	•
Psychoda (Psychodocha) gemina (Eaton, 1904)	•
Jungiella valachia (Vaillant, 1963)	•
Scathophagidae
Acanthocnema latipennis Becker, 1894	•		•
Simuliidae
Prosimulium tomosvaryi (Enderlein, 1921)		•
Simulium (Eusimulium) angustipes Edwards, 1915		•	•
Simulium (Eusimulium) rubzovianum (Sherban, 1961)		•	•
Simulium (Nevermannia) angustitarse (Lundström, 1911)		•
Simulium (Nevermannia) costatum Friederichs, 1920	•	•	•
Simulium (Simulium) monticola Friederichs, 1920		•	•
Simulium (Simulium) ornatum Meigen, 1818 complex		•	•
Simulium (Simulium) trifasciatum Curtis, 1839			•
Simulium (Simulium) tuberosum (Lundström, 1911)		•	•
Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818		•	•
Simulium (Trichodagmia) auricoma Meigen, 1818		•	•
Simulium (Wilhelmia) pseudequinum Séguy, 1921			•
Stratiomyidae
Oxycera pardalina Meigen, 1822	•	•	•
Oxycera limbata Loew, 1862		•	•
Oxycera turcica Ustuner & Hasbenli, 2004		•
Nemotelus pantherinus (Linnaeus, 1758)		•
Oplodontha viridula (Fabricius, 1775)			•
Tabanidae
Chrysops caecutiens (Linnaeus, 1758)		•
Chrysops viduatus (Fabricius, 1794)		•
Tipulidae
Tipula (Savtshenkia) rufina rufina Meigen, 1818	•
Number of taxa	75	71	53	38

Overall, the greatest species richness was recorded within the family , with 62 species (and additional seven taxa) recorded so far in Plitvice Lakes NP (Table 2, Figure 8). This was expected since the are an extremely diverse group with more than 8000 described species (Marshall 2012), and with many more undescribed or waiting to be discovered. Some chironomid species have been mentioned in the literature, but are not included in the formal list for various reasons that are considered here. The species (Chernovskij, 1949) listed in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971) and Kieffer, 1925, mentioned from Plitvice in Matoničkin (1987), are considered to be nomina dubia in Ashe and Cranston (1990), as well as in Ashe and O’Connor (2012). could possibly be a misinterpretation of the name Kieffer, 1916 and as such is considered a nomen dubium in the subfamily (Ashe and O’Connor 2009). Furthermore, the species (Chernovskij, 1949), published in Matoničkin (1987) and Matoničkin et al. (1971), is considered a questionable synonym within the genus according to the Ashe and O’Connor (2012). Edwards, mentioned in Matoničkin (1987), is considered an unidentifiable error since Edwards never described a chironomid species with “fili” in the name (Ashe and Cranston 1990). species that are part of the formal species list, but should be addressed with caution, are also considered. In Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971), the authors did not clearly state whether their identifications of and were based on adults or larvae. If the identifications were made based on adults, then these reports can be considered valid. On the other hand, if larvae were identified then these reports are doubtful records since these species cannot be identified based on larval morphology alone. The species listed in the formal species list as (Edwards, 1929) is mentioned as Chernovskij, 1949 in Matoničkin (1987). This could be a typing error since a genus does not exist within the family . On the other hand, Chernovskij, 1949 is a synonym pro parte of (Moller Pillot 2013). If this is not a typing error, then this species name is an unidentifiable error.

Figure 8.

Species richness of families in Plitvice Lakes National Park.

Families following by number of species are , , and (only aquatic species identified) with 22, 19, 12 and 10 species, respectively (Table 2, Figure 8). and are both present with nine species, while , and are present with 5, 4 and 2 species, respectively (Table 2, Figure 8). Families with only one recorded species are , and (Table 2, Figure 8).

The families , and have been dealt with in detail in previous publications (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a, b, 2016; Ivanković et al. 2019; Ivković and Ivanković 2019) so the numbers presented here might be the final species numbers for Plitvice Lakes NP. For these particular families, only a few additional species might be recorded in the future studies. Other families of aquatic have been studied sporadically and, in many cases, only a few sites have been completely processed, such as in Kostić-Brnek and Brnek-Kostić (1971) and Ivković et al. (2015). Aquatic families that are present in the Plitvice Lakes NP but are still unidentified to the species level are , , , and .

Springs and streams have higher numbers of species recorded than tufa barriers and lakes (Table 2). One of the reasons for this is because the springs were studied in greater detail than other sites, especially when it comes to (Ivković et al. 2015). On the other hand, many aquatic families have in fact a higher diversity at spring habitats and the upper reaches of streams, such as , , , etc., because most environmental parameters at those sites remain constant (Ivković et al. 2010, 2012a, 2015; Kvifte et al. 2013; Kolcsár et al. 2015).

The species list of aquatic of Plitvice Lakes NP is still not complete since many families are either dealt with partially or not at all due to the lack of available experts. There is still a lot of work in front of us since we belive that about 250 species of aquatic can be expected in the unique karstic area of Plitvice Lakes NP.