The Hopelessness Scale for Children: psychometric properties with normal and emotionally disturbed adolescents.

The psychometric properties of the Hopelessness Scale for Children (HSC) were evaluated with a sample of 834 normal adolescents and 93 adolescent suicide attempters. Factor analyses studies revealed two factors with both groups. Internal consistency with item-total score correlations were acceptable, while moderate test-retest reliability was found over a 10-week period with the normal sample. Support for the validity of the HSC was provided via studies with the suicide attempter group in which positive correlations with depression and depressive attributional style were found. Predicted differences between the suicide attempters, an outpatient psychiatric sample, and normal controls were also found. However, some items did not appear to discriminate suicide attempters from controls. Results are discussed in terms of the utility of the HSC with adolescents and adolescent suicide attempters and with regard to differences between child and adult samples in hopelessness.