Corinne Swearingen1, Pippa Simpson2, Erwin Cabacungan3, Susan Cohen4. 1. Medical College of Wisconsin Affiliated Hospitals, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 2. Division of Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. scohen@mcw.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Neonatal neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic provides continued surveillance and assessment of high-risk premature infants. We hypothesized that attrition is associated with race and social factors. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort study of neonates born at 26-32 weeks gestation who were admitted to a level IV neonatal intensive care unit. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and follow-up attendance were collected. Statistical analysis was performed with significance set at p value < 0.05. RESULTS: In total, 237 neonates met study criteria. There was a 62% loss to follow-up over 2 years. Factors associated with loss to follow-up included older gestational age, African American race, and maternal cigarette smoking. Protective factors included older maternal age, a neonatal diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and longer hospital length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: Social disparities negatively impact neonatal follow-up clinic attendance. Efforts to identify and target high-risk populations must be started during initial hospitalization before infants are lost to follow-up.
OBJECTIVE: Neonatal neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic provides continued surveillance and assessment of high-risk premature infants. We hypothesized that attrition is associated with race and social factors. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort study of neonates born at 26-32 weeks gestation who were admitted to a level IV neonatal intensive care unit. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and follow-up attendance were collected. Statistical analysis was performed with significance set at p value < 0.05. RESULTS: In total, 237 neonates met study criteria. There was a 62% loss to follow-up over 2 years. Factors associated with loss to follow-up included older gestational age, African American race, and maternal cigarette smoking. Protective factors included older maternal age, a neonatal diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and longer hospital length of stay. CONCLUSIONS: Social disparities negatively impact neonatal follow-up clinic attendance. Efforts to identify and target high-risk populations must be started during initial hospitalization before infants are lost to follow-up.
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