Jacob Fiocchi1, Ivan Urits2, Vwaire Orhurhu3, Mariam Salisu Orhurhu4, Stephen Giacomazzi1, Briggs Hoyt1, Alan D Kaye5, Rachel J Kaye5, Omar Viswanath6,7,8. 1. Creighton University School of Medicine, Phoenix Regional Campus, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 2. Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. iurits@bidmc.harvard.edu. 3. Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. 4. Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. 5. Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA. 6. Valley Anesthesiology and Pain Consultants - Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 7. Department of Anesthesiology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, USA. 8. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hematological disorder which leads to serious complications in multiple organ systems. While significant research has addressed many of the effects of acute pain episodes and end-organ damage connected to this disease, little has approached the chronic pain state associated with this condition. RECENT FINDINGS: Associated chronic pain represents a significant detractor from the quality of life experienced by these patients, affecting over half of those with SCD on more days than not. Current treatment typically is centered upon preventing and responding to acute vasoocclusive crises, presumably because this is the most common reason for hospitalization in these patients. The lack of management of chronic pain symptoms leaves many with SCD in a state of suffering. In this review, the treatment methodologies of SCD patients are examined including alternative treatments, both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical, as well as procedural approaches specifically aimed at reducing chronic pain in these patients.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hematological disorder which leads to serious complications in multiple organ systems. While significant research has addressed many of the effects of acute pain episodes and end-organ damage connected to this disease, little has approached the chronic pain state associated with this condition. RECENT FINDINGS: Associated chronic pain represents a significant detractor from the quality of life experienced by these patients, affecting over half of those with SCD on more days than not. Current treatment typically is centered upon preventing and responding to acute vasoocclusive crises, presumably because this is the most common reason for hospitalization in these patients. The lack of management of chronic pain symptoms leaves many with SCD in a state of suffering. In this review, the treatment methodologies of SCDpatients are examined including alternative treatments, both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical, as well as procedural approaches specifically aimed at reducing chronic pain in these patients.
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