Camilo A Ruiz-Bedoya1,2, Alvaro A Ordonez1,2, Rudolf A Werner3, Donika Plyku4, Mariah H Klunk1,2, Jeff Leal4, Wojciech G Lesniak4, Daniel P Holt4, Robert F Dannals4, Takahiro Higuchi5,6, Steven P Rowe4, Sanjay K Jain7,2,4. 1. Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 3. Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. 4. Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 5. Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; and. 6. Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. 7. Center for Infection and Inflammation Imaging Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland sjain5@jhmi.edu.
Abstract
para-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) has been previously used as an exogenous marker to verify completion of 24-h urine sampling. Therefore, we hypothesized that PABA radiolabeled with 11C might allow high-quality dynamic PET of the kidneys with less radiation exposure than other agents because of its shorter biologic and physical half-life. We evaluated if 11C-PABA can visualize renal anatomy and quantify function in healthy rats and rabbits and in a first-in-humans study on healthy volunteers. Methods: Healthy rats and rabbits were injected with 11C-PABA intravenously. Subsequently, dynamic PET was performed, followed by postmortem tissue-biodistribution studies. 11C-PABA PET was directly compared with the current standard, 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycin, in rats. Three healthy human subjects also underwent dynamic PET after intravenous injection of 11C-PABA. Results: In healthy rats and rabbits, dynamic PET demonstrated a rapid accumulation of 11C-PABA in the renal cortex, followed by rapid excretion through the pelvicalyceal system. In humans, 11C-PABA PET was safe and well tolerated. There were no adverse or clinically detectable pharmacologic effects in any subject. The cortex was delineated on PET, and the activity gradually transited to the medulla and then pelvis with high spatiotemporal resolution. Conclusion: 11C-PABA demonstrated fast renal excretion with a very low background signal in animals and humans. These results suggest that 11C-PABA might be used as a novel radiotracer for functional renal imaging, providing high-quality spatiotemporal images with low radiation exposure.
para-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) has been previously used as an exogenous marker to verify completion of 24-h urine sampling. Therefore, we hypothesized that PABA radiolabeled with 11C might allow high-quality dynamic PET of the kidneys with less radiation exposure than other agents because of its shorter biologic and physical half-life. We evaluated if 11C-PABA can visualize renal anatomy and quantify function in healthy rats and rabbits and in a first-in-humans study on healthy volunteers. Methods: Healthy rats and rabbits were injected with 11C-PABA intravenously. Subsequently, dynamic PET was performed, followed by postmortem tissue-biodistribution studies. 11C-PABA PET was directly compared with the current standard, 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycin, in rats. Three healthy human subjects also underwent dynamic PET after intravenous injection of 11C-PABA. Results: In healthy rats and rabbits, dynamic PET demonstrated a rapid accumulation of 11C-PABA in the renal cortex, followed by rapid excretion through the pelvicalyceal system. In humans, 11C-PABA PET was safe and well tolerated. There were no adverse or clinically detectable pharmacologic effects in any subject. The cortex was delineated on PET, and the activity gradually transited to the medulla and then pelvis with high spatiotemporal resolution. Conclusion: 11C-PABA demonstrated fast renal excretion with a very low background signal in animals and humans. These results suggest that 11C-PABA might be used as a novel radiotracer for functional renal imaging, providing high-quality spatiotemporal images with low radiation exposure.
Authors: Alvaro A Ordonez; Edward A Weinstein; Lauren E Bambarger; Vikram Saini; Yong S Chang; Vincent P DeMarco; Mariah H Klunk; Michael E Urbanowski; Kimberly L Moulton; Allison M Murawski; Supriya Pokkali; Alvin S Kalinda; Sanjay K Jain Journal: J Nucl Med Date: 2016-09-15 Impact factor: 10.057
Authors: M Donald Blaufox; Diego De Palma; Andrew Taylor; Zsolt Szabo; Alain Prigent; Martin Samal; Yi Li; Andrea Santos; Giorgio Testanera; Mark Tulchinsky Journal: Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Date: 2018-08-30 Impact factor: 9.236
Authors: Rudolf A Werner; Alvaro A Ordonez; Julian Sanchez-Bautista; Charles Marcus; Constantin Lapa; Steven P Rowe; Martin G Pomper; Jeffrey P Leal; Martin A Lodge; Mehrbod S Javadi; Sanjay K Jain; Takahiro Higuchi Journal: Clin Nucl Med Date: 2019-05 Impact factor: 7.794
Authors: Katherine E Maturen; Mary U Feng; Ashish P Wasnik; Shadi F Azar; Henry D Appelman; Isaac R Francis; Joel F Platt Journal: Radiographics Date: 2013 Mar-Apr Impact factor: 5.333
Authors: Hiroshi Wakabayashi; Rudolf A Werner; Nobuyuki Hayakawa; Mehrbod S Javadi; Chen Xinyu; Ken Herrmann; Steven P Rowe; Constantin Lapa; Takahiro Higuchi Journal: J Nucl Med Date: 2016-03-24 Impact factor: 10.057
Authors: Daniel P Holt; Alvin S Kalinda; Lauren E Bambarger; Sanjay K Jain; Robert F Dannals Journal: J Labelled Comp Radiopharm Date: 2018-08-29 Impact factor: 1.921
Authors: Christopher A Mutch; Alvaro A Ordonez; Hecong Qin; Matthew Parker; Lauren E Bambarger; Javier E Villanueva-Meyer; Joseph Blecha; Valerie Carroll; Celine Taglang; Robert Flavell; Renuka Sriram; Henry VanBrocklin; Oren Rosenberg; Michael A Ohliger; Sanjay K Jain; Kiel D Neumann; David M Wilson Journal: ACS Infect Dis Date: 2018-05-08 Impact factor: 5.084
Authors: Zhuo Zhang; Alvaro A Ordonez; Hui Wang; Yong Li; Kayla R Gogarty; Edward A Weinstein; Fereidoon Daryaee; Jonathan Merino; Grace E Yoon; Alvin S Kalinda; Ronnie C Mease; James N Iuliano; Peter M Smith-Jones; Sanjay K Jain; Peter J Tonge Journal: ACS Infect Dis Date: 2018-08-17 Impact factor: 5.084
Authors: Alvaro A Ordonez; Matthew Fl Parker; Robert J Miller; Donika Plyku; Camilo A Ruiz-Bedoya; Elizabeth W Tucker; Justin M Luu; Dustin A Dikeman; Wojciech G Lesniak; Daniel P Holt; Robert F Dannals; Lloyd S Miller; Steven P Rowe; David M Wilson; Sanjay K Jain Journal: JCI Insight Date: 2022-01-11