Denise F Blake1,2,3, Melissa Crowe4, Daniel Lindsay5, Annie Brouff6, Simon J Mitchell7,8, Peter A Leggat5, Neal W Pollock9,10. 1. Emergency Department, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 2. Marine Biology and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 3. Corresponding author: Dr Denise Blake, IMB 23, Emergency Department, The Townsville Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, Queensland Australia, 4814, denise.blake@health.qld.gov.au. 4. Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 5. College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 6. Hyperbaric Medicine Unit, The Townsville Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. 7. Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. 8. Department of Anaesthesia, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. 9. Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada. 10. Service de médecine hyperbare, Centre de médecine de plongée du Québec, Levis, Québec, Canada.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Divers with suspected decompression illness require high concentration oxygen (O₂). There are many different O₂ delivery devices, with few data comparing their performance. This study evaluated O₂ delivery, using tissue O₂ partial pressure (PtcO₂), in healthy divers breathing O₂ via three different delivery devices. METHODS: Twelve divers had PtcO₂ measured at six limb sites. Participants breathed O₂ from: a demand valve using an intraoral mask with a nose clip (NC); a medical O₂ rebreathing system (MORS) with an oronasal mask and with an intraoral mask; and a non-rebreather mask (NRB) at 15 or 10 L·min⁻¹ O₂ flow. In-line inspired O₂ FIO₂) and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ were measured. Participants provided subjective ratings of device comfort, ease of breathing, and overall ease of use. RESULTS: PtcO₂ values and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ were similar with the demand valve with intraoral mask, MORS with both masks and the NRB at 15 L·min⁻¹. PtcO₂ and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ values were significantly lower with the NRB at 10 L·min⁻¹. The NRB was rated as the most comfortable to wear, easiest to breathe with, and overall the easiest to use. CONCLUSION: Of the commonly available devices promoted for O₂ delivery to injured divers, similar PtcO₂ and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ values were obtained with the three devices tested: MORS with an oronasal or intraoral mask, demand valve with an intraoral mask and NRB at a flow rate of 15 L·min⁻¹. PtcO₂ and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ values were significantly lower when the flow rate using the NRB was decreased to 10 L·min⁻¹. Copyright: This article is the copyright of the authors who grant Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine a non-exclusive licence to publish the article in electronic and other forms.
INTRODUCTION: Divers with suspected decompression illness require high concentration oxygen (O₂). There are many different O₂ delivery devices, with few data comparing their performance. This study evaluated O₂ delivery, using tissue O₂ partial pressure (PtcO₂), in healthy divers breathing O₂ via three different delivery devices. METHODS: Twelve divers had PtcO₂ measured at six limb sites. Participants breathed O₂ from: a demand valve using an intraoral mask with a nose clip (NC); a medical O₂ rebreathing system (MORS) with an oronasal mask and with an intraoral mask; and a non-rebreather mask (NRB) at 15 or 10 L·min⁻¹ O₂ flow. In-line inspired O₂ FIO₂) and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ were measured. Participants provided subjective ratings of device comfort, ease of breathing, and overall ease of use. RESULTS: PtcO₂ values and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ were similar with the demand valve with intraoral mask, MORS with both masks and the NRB at 15 L·min⁻¹. PtcO₂ and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ values were significantly lower with the NRB at 10 L·min⁻¹. The NRB was rated as the most comfortable to wear, easiest to breathe with, and overall the easiest to use. CONCLUSION: Of the commonly available devices promoted for O₂ delivery to injured divers, similar PtcO₂ and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ values were obtained with the three devices tested: MORS with an oronasal or intraoral mask, demand valve with an intraoral mask and NRB at a flow rate of 15 L·min⁻¹. PtcO₂ and nasopharyngeal FIO₂ values were significantly lower when the flow rate using the NRB was decreased to 10 L·min⁻¹. Copyright: This article is the copyright of the authors who grant Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine a non-exclusive licence to publish the article in electronic and other forms.
Entities:
Keywords:
Decompression illness; Decompression sickness; First aid; Masks; Medical kits; Oxygen; Scuba diving; Transcutaneous oximetry
Authors: Denise F Blake; Melissa Crowe; Daniel Lindsay; Annie Brouff; Simon J Mitchell; Neal W Pollock Journal: Diving Hyperb Med Date: 2018-12-24 Impact factor: 0.887
Authors: Martin D J Sayer; Frithjof C Küpper; Pieter van West; Colin M Wilson; Hugh Brown; Elaine Azzopardi Journal: Diving Hyperb Med Date: 2013-12 Impact factor: 0.887