Ilaria Testi1, Sarakshi Mahajan2, Rupesh Agrawal1,3,4, Aniruddha Agarwal5, Alessandro Marchese6, Andre Curi7, Moncef Khairallah8, Yee Sin Leo9, Quan Dong Nguyen2, Vishali Gupta5. 1. Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust , London, UK. 2. Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University , Palo Alto, California, USA. 3. National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital , Singapore, Singapore. 4. Singapore Eye Research Institute , Singapore, Singapore. 5. Advanced Eye Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) , Chandigarh, India. 6. Department of Ophthalmology, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele , Milan, Italy. 7. Research Laboratory of Infectious Diseases in Ophthalmology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 8. Department of Ophthalmology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir , Monastir, Tunisia. 9. National Center for Infectious Disease, Tan Tock Seng Hospital , Singapore, Singapore.
Abstract
Purpose: Overview of treatment options for the most common intraocular opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), including ocular syphilis, ocular tuberculosis, toxoplasmic chorioretinitis, and viral retinitis. Method: Narrative Review. Results: Despite the huge advances in the development of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for the management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, opportunistic infections still represent a significant diagnostic dilemma and cause of ocular morbidity in patients with HIV. Conclusion: Although the treatment of intraocular infections in patients with AIDS may be challenging, prompt assessment of the clinical features and appropriate aggressive management of the underlying etiology are critical to avoid life and vision threatening.
Purpose: Overview of treatment options for the most common intraocular opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), including ocular syphilis, ocular tuberculosis, toxoplasmic chorioretinitis, and viral retinitis. Method: Narrative Review. Results: Despite the huge advances in the development of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for the management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, opportunistic infections still represent a significant diagnostic dilemma and cause of ocular morbidity in patients with HIV. Conclusion: Although the treatment of intraocular infections in patients with AIDS may be challenging, prompt assessment of the clinical features and appropriate aggressive management of the underlying etiology are critical to avoid life and vision threatening.