Juan-Juan Yang1, Wei Jiang2. 1. Department of Health Management, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Provice, China. 2. Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Provice, China. Electronic address: jiangweixjtu526@xjtu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Studies have reported the changes of immune biomakers in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the results were conflicting. Our aim was to investigate the changes of immune biomarkers in PTSD. METHODS: Literatures investigating the changes of immune markers in PTSD published in English were systematically searched through PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. We conducted random effects meta-analyses relating PTSD to immune biomarker concentrations and using subgroup analyses to resolve heterogeneity. RESULTS: A total of 2606 articles were screened and 42 samples were included by the systematic review. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β, P = 0.01), IL-2 (P = 0.006), IL-6 (P = 0.0002), interferon-γ (IFN-γ, P = 0.004), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, P = 0.004), C-reactive protein (CRP, P = 0.0003) and white blood cell (WBC, P = 0.01) were higher in PTSD than healthy controls (HC). Subgroup meta-analyses for psychotropic medication showed the levels of IL-1β and IL-2 were not increased in the PTSD. Subgroup meta-analyses for whether HC exposed to trauma showed the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were not increased in the PTSD. Egger´s test revealed there was no publication bias. However, there was significant heterogeneity across studies for immune markers other than for WBC (P = 0.14, I2 = 45%). Subgroup analyses based on sex, HC exposed to trauma, PTSD comorbid major depressive disorder, PTSD on psychotropic medications partially or completely resolved heterogeneity for some immune biomarkers. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides evidence for elevation of IFN-γ, TNF-α, CRP, and WBC in PTSD.
BACKGROUND: Studies have reported the changes of immune biomakers in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the results were conflicting. Our aim was to investigate the changes of immune biomarkers in PTSD. METHODS: Literatures investigating the changes of immune markers in PTSD published in English were systematically searched through PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. We conducted random effects meta-analyses relating PTSD to immune biomarker concentrations and using subgroup analyses to resolve heterogeneity. RESULTS: A total of 2606 articles were screened and 42 samples were included by the systematic review. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β, P = 0.01), IL-2 (P = 0.006), IL-6 (P = 0.0002), interferon-γ (IFN-γ, P = 0.004), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α, P = 0.004), C-reactive protein (CRP, P = 0.0003) and white blood cell (WBC, P = 0.01) were higher in PTSD than healthy controls (HC). Subgroup meta-analyses for psychotropic medication showed the levels of IL-1β and IL-2 were not increased in the PTSD. Subgroup meta-analyses for whether HC exposed to trauma showed the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were not increased in the PTSD. Egger´s test revealed there was no publication bias. However, there was significant heterogeneity across studies for immune markers other than for WBC (P = 0.14, I2 = 45%). Subgroup analyses based on sex, HC exposed to trauma, PTSD comorbid major depressive disorder, PTSD on psychotropic medications partially or completely resolved heterogeneity for some immune biomarkers. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis provides evidence for elevation of IFN-γ, TNF-α, CRP, and WBC in PTSD.
Authors: Sage E Hawn; Zoe Neale; Erika J Wolf; Xiang Zhao; Meghan Pierce; Dana Fein-Schaffer; William Milberg; Regina McGlinchey; Mark Logue; Mark W Miller Journal: Depress Anxiety Date: 2022-03-21 Impact factor: 8.128
Authors: Lisa M Christian; Steve W Cole; Thomas McDade; John E Pachankis; Ethan Morgan; Anna M Strahm; Claire M Kamp Dush Journal: Neurosci Biobehav Rev Date: 2021-06-05 Impact factor: 9.052