Enzymatic hydrolysis of barley straw for biofuel industry using a novel strain of Trametes villosa from Paranaense rainforest.

Agricultural practices generate lignocellulosic waste that can be bioconverted by fungi to generate value-added products such as biofuels. In this context, fungal enzymes are presented as an alternative for their use in the hydrolysis of cellulose to sugars that can be fermented to ethanol. The aim of this work was to characterize LBM 033 strain and to analyze its efficiency in the hydrolysis of cellulosic substrates, including barley straw. LBM 033 strain was identified as Trametes villosa by molecular techniques, through the use of the ITS and rbp2 markers and the construction of phylogenetic trees. The cell-free supernatant of T. villosa LBM 033 showed high titers of hydrolytic enzymatic activities, necessary for the hydrolysis of the holocellulosic substrates, hydrolyzing pure cellulose to cellobiose and glucose and also degraded the polysaccharides contained in barley straw to short soluble oligosaccharides. These results indicate that macro fungi from tropical soil environments, such as T. villosa LBM 033 can be a valuable resource for in-house, cost effective production of enzymes that can be applied in the hydrolysis stage, which could reduce the total cost of bioethanol production.