Shabir Hussain Wani1, Vinay Kumar2,3, Tushar Khare2, Rajasheker Guddimalli4, Maheshwari Parveda4, Katalin Solymosi5, Penna Suprasanna6, P B Kavi Kishor7. 1. Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Khudwani, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, 192 101, India. shabirhwani@skuastkashmir.ac.in. 2. Department of Biotechnology, Modern College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India. 3. Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India. 4. Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 500 007, India. 5. Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, ELTE-Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 1053, Hungary. 6. Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India. 7. Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522 213, India.
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION: There is a need to integrate conceptual framework based on the current understanding of salt stress responses with different approaches for manipulating and improving salt tolerance in crop plants. Soil salinity exerts significant constraints on global crop production, posing a serious challenge for plant breeders and biotechnologists. The classical transgenic approach for enhancing salinity tolerance in plants revolves by boosting endogenous defence mechanisms, often via a single-gene approach, and usually involves the enhanced synthesis of compatible osmolytes, antioxidants, polyamines, maintenance of hormone homeostasis, modification of transporters and/or regulatory proteins, including transcription factors and alternative splicing events. Occasionally, genetic manipulation of regulatory proteins or phytohormone levels confers salinity tolerance, but all these may cause undesired reduction in plant growth and/or yields. In this review, we present and evaluate novel and cutting-edge approaches for engineering salt tolerance in crop plants. First, we cover recent findings regarding the importance of regulatory proteins and transporters, and how they can be used to enhance salt tolerance in crop plants. We also evaluate the importance of halobiomes as a reservoir of genes that can be used for engineering salt tolerance in glycophytic crops. Additionally, the role of microRNAs as critical post-transcriptional regulators in plant adaptive responses to salt stress is reviewed and their use for engineering salt-tolerant crop plants is critically assessed. The potentials of alternative splicing mechanisms and targeted gene-editing technologies in understanding plant salt stress responses and developing salt-tolerant crop plants are also discussed.
MAIN CONCLUSION: There is a need to integrate conceptual framework based on the current understanding of salt stress responses with different approaches for manipulating and improving salt tolerance in crop plants. Soil salinity exerts significant constraints on global crop production, posing a serious challenge for plant breeders and biotechnologists. The classical transgenic approach for enhancing salinity tolerance in plants revolves by boosting endogenous defence mechanisms, often via a single-gene approach, and usually involves the enhanced synthesis of compatible osmolytes, antioxidants, polyamines, maintenance of hormone homeostasis, modification of transporters and/or regulatory proteins, including transcription factors and alternative splicing events. Occasionally, genetic manipulation of regulatory proteins or phytohormone levels confers salinity tolerance, but all these may cause undesired reduction in plant growth and/or yields. In this review, we present and evaluate novel and cutting-edge approaches for engineering salt tolerance in crop plants. First, we cover recent findings regarding the importance of regulatory proteins and transporters, and how they can be used to enhance salt tolerance in crop plants. We also evaluate the importance of halobiomes as a reservoir of genes that can be used for engineering salt tolerance in glycophytic crops. Additionally, the role of microRNAs as critical post-transcriptional regulators in plant adaptive responses to salt stress is reviewed and their use for engineering salt-tolerant crop plants is critically assessed. The potentials of alternative splicing mechanisms and targeted gene-editing technologies in understanding plant salt stress responses and developing salt-tolerant crop plants are also discussed.
Authors: Stefan Spring; Carmen Scheuner; Alla Lapidus; Susan Lucas; Tijana Glavina Del Rio; Hope Tice; Alex Copeland; Jan-Fang Cheng; Feng Chen; Matt Nolan; Elizabeth Saunders; Sam Pitluck; Konstantinos Liolios; Natalia Ivanova; Konstantinos Mavromatis; Athanasios Lykidis; Amrita Pati; Amy Chen; Krishna Palaniappan; Miriam Land; Loren Hauser; Yun-Juan Chang; Cynthia D Jeffries; Lynne Goodwin; John C Detter; Thomas Brettin; Manfred Rohde; Markus Göker; Tanja Woyke; Jim Bristow; Jonathan A Eisen; Victor Markowitz; Philip Hugenholtz; Nikos C Kyrpides; Hans-Peter Klenk Journal: Archaea Date: 2010-12-23 Impact factor: 3.273
Authors: Ahmed Abdelrahim Mohamed Ali; Walid Ben Romdhane; Mohamed Tarroum; Mohammed Al-Dakhil; Abdullah Al-Doss; Abdullah A Alsadon; Afif Hassairi Journal: Plants (Basel) Date: 2021-11-26