Tor Ivar Gjellesvik1, Frank Becker2, Arnt Erik Tjønna3, Bent Indredavik4, Halvard Nilsen5, Berit Brurok6, Tom Tørhaug7, Maja Busuladzic8, Stian Lydersen9, Torunn Askim4. 1. Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: tor.i.gjellesvik@ntnu.no. 2. Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway. 3. Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; NeXt Move, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. 4. Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Stroke Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. 5. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ålesund Hospital, Ålesund, Norway. 6. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway; Centre for Elite Sports Research, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. 7. Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. 8. Department of Research, Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 9. Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine if 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in addition to standard care would increase and maintain peak oxygen uptake (Vo2peak) more than standard care alone in patients with stroke. DESIGN: This was a single-blind, multicenter, parallel group, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Specialized rehabilitation units at 3 Norwegian hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (N=70), 3 months to 5 years after first-ever stroke, were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=36) or the control group (n=34); 42% were women, mean age was 57.6±9.3 years, mean time post stroke was 26.4±14.5 months. INTERVENTION: The intervention was 8 weeks: 3 times a week with HIIT treadmill training with work periods of 4 × 4 minutes at 85%-95% of peak heart rate interspersed with 3 minutes of active recovery at 50%-70% of peak heart rate. The control group received standard care according to national guidelines. OUTCOMES: The primary outcome, analyzed by intention-to-treat, was Vo2peak measured as liters per minute 12 months after inclusion. Secondary outcome measures were blood pressure and blood profile. RESULTS:Mean baseline Vo2peak was 2.63±1.08 L·min-1 vs 2.87±0.71 L·min-1, while at 12 months Vo2peak was 2.70±1.00 L·min-1 vs 2.67±0.76 L·min-1 (P=.068) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. There was a significant and greater improvement in the intervention group compared with the control group at 12 months in 3 of 6 secondary outcomes from the peak test but no significant differences for blood pressure or blood profile. CONCLUSIONS: The HIIT intervention, which was well-tolerated in this sample of well-functioning survivors of stroke, was not superior to standard care in improving and maintaining Vo2peak at the 12-month follow-up. However, secondary results from the peak test showed a significant improvement from before to immediately after the intervention.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To examine if 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in addition to standard care would increase and maintain peak oxygen uptake (Vo2peak) more than standard care alone in patients with stroke. DESIGN: This was a single-blind, multicenter, parallel group, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Specialized rehabilitation units at 3 Norwegian hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (N=70), 3 months to 5 years after first-ever stroke, were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n=36) or the control group (n=34); 42% were women, mean age was 57.6±9.3 years, mean time post stroke was 26.4±14.5 months. INTERVENTION: The intervention was 8 weeks: 3 times a week with HIIT treadmill training with work periods of 4 × 4 minutes at 85%-95% of peak heart rate interspersed with 3 minutes of active recovery at 50%-70% of peak heart rate. The control group received standard care according to national guidelines. OUTCOMES: The primary outcome, analyzed by intention-to-treat, was Vo2peak measured as liters per minute 12 months after inclusion. Secondary outcome measures were blood pressure and blood profile. RESULTS: Mean baseline Vo2peak was 2.63±1.08 L·min-1 vs 2.87±0.71 L·min-1, while at 12 months Vo2peak was 2.70±1.00 L·min-1 vs 2.67±0.76 L·min-1 (P=.068) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. There was a significant and greater improvement in the intervention group compared with the control group at 12 months in 3 of 6 secondary outcomes from the peak test but no significant differences for blood pressure or blood profile. CONCLUSIONS: The HIIT intervention, which was well-tolerated in this sample of well-functioning survivors of stroke, was not superior to standard care in improving and maintaining Vo2peak at the 12-month follow-up. However, secondary results from the peak test showed a significant improvement from before to immediately after the intervention.
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