Developing a structured three-phase video-assisted debriefing to enhance prelicensure nursing students' debriefing experiences, reflective abilities, and professional competencies: A proof-of-concept study.

Video-assisted debriefing (VAD) refers to using video capture and playback to support learning in debriefing. Despite being deemed as the gold standard in simulation, VAD has received little attention to its structure development. This paper aimed to describe the development process of a structured three-phase VAD and report its preliminary effects on nursing students' debriefing experiences, reflective abilities, and professional competencies following a code blue simulation. This three-phase VAD was developed through an extensive literature review, and its pilot test was conducted at a tertiary university using the pretest-posttest design. A convenient sample of 63 prelicensure nursing students were used. Study outcomes were measured using the Debriefing Experience Scale (DES), the Groningen Reflective Ability Scale (GRAS), and the Simulation-based Assessment Tool (SAT). The preliminary findings of this study showed that the developed three-phase VAD demonstrated its potential on improving nursing students' debriefing experiences (p < 0.001), reflective abilities (p < 0.01), and professional competencies (p < 0.001). Considering the limitations of the pilot design, a two-arm quasi-experimental study with a larger sample size will be conducted to further confirm its effectiveness on the context of nursing.