Rie Kishida1,2, Kazumasa Yamagishi2, Isao Muraki1, Mizuki Sata3, Akiko Tamakoshi4, Hiroyasu Iso1. 1. Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine. 2. Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba. 3. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine. 4. Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine.
Abstract
AIM: Seaweed is a popular traditional foodstuff in Asian countries. To our knowledge, few studies have examined the association of seaweed intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease. We examined the association of frequency of seaweed intake with total and specific cardiovascular disease mortality. METHODS: We examined the association of seaweed intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease among 40,234 men and 55,981 women who participated in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. Sex-specific hazard ratios for mortality from cardiovascular disease (stroke, stroke subtypes, and coronary heart disease) according to the frequency of seaweed intake were calculated stratified by study area and adjusted for potential cardiovascular risk factors and dietary factors. RESULTS: During the 1,580,996 person-year follow-up, 6,525 cardiovascular deaths occurred, of which 2,820 were due to stroke, and 1,378, to coronary heart disease. Among men, the multivariable analysis showed that participants who ate seaweed almost every day compared with those who never ate seaweed had hazard ratios (95% confidence interval; P for trend) of 0.79 (0.62-1.01; 0.72) for total cardiovascular disease, 0.70 (0.49-0.99; 0.47) for total stroke, 0.69 (0.41-1.16; 0.11) for cerebral infarction. Among women, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios were 0.72 (0.55-0.95; 0.001) for total cardiovascular disease, 0.70 (0.46-1.06; 0.01) for total stroke, and 0.49 (0.27-0.90; 0.22) for cerebral infarction. No associations were observed between seaweed intake and risk of intraparenchymal hemorrhage and coronary heart disease among either men or women. CONCLUSIONS: We found an inverse association between seaweed intake and cardiovascular mortality among Japanese men and women, especially that from cerebral infarction.
AIM: Seaweed is a popular traditional foodstuff in Asian countries. To our knowledge, few studies have examined the association of seaweed intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease. We examined the association of frequency of seaweed intake with total and specific cardiovascular diseasemortality. METHODS: We examined the association of seaweed intake with mortality from cardiovascular disease among 40,234 men and 55,981 women who participated in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. Sex-specific hazard ratios for mortality from cardiovascular disease (stroke, stroke subtypes, and coronary heart disease) according to the frequency of seaweed intake were calculated stratified by study area and adjusted for potential cardiovascular risk factors and dietary factors. RESULTS: During the 1,580,996 person-year follow-up, 6,525 cardiovascular deaths occurred, of which 2,820 were due to stroke, and 1,378, to coronary heart disease. Among men, the multivariable analysis showed that participants who ate seaweed almost every day compared with those who never ate seaweed had hazard ratios (95% confidence interval; P for trend) of 0.79 (0.62-1.01; 0.72) for total cardiovascular disease, 0.70 (0.49-0.99; 0.47) for total stroke, 0.69 (0.41-1.16; 0.11) for cerebral infarction. Among women, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios were 0.72 (0.55-0.95; 0.001) for total cardiovascular disease, 0.70 (0.46-1.06; 0.01) for total stroke, and 0.49 (0.27-0.90; 0.22) for cerebral infarction. No associations were observed between seaweed intake and risk of intraparenchymal hemorrhage and coronary heart disease among either men or women. CONCLUSIONS: We found an inverse association between seaweed intake and cardiovascular mortality among Japanese men and women, especially that from cerebral infarction.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cohort study; Seaweed; Total cardiovascular disease