Xinmao Song1, Jie Wang2, Shengzi Wang3, Li Yan1, Yi Li4. 1. Department of Radiation Oncology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China. 2. Department of E.N.T., Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China. 3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China. Electronic address: shengziwang@126.com. 4. Department of Oncology, 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, 212 Daguan Road, Kunming 650032, China. Electronic address: liyi3443@hotmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The clinical data on olfactory neuroblastomas (ONBs) are scarce owing to their rarity. This study aimed to assess the potential prognostic factors, outcomes, and optimal treatment strategies in patients with ONB. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The data of 217 patients with ONB between 1991 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Long-term survival, potential prognostic factors, and outcomes with combined treatment strategies were analyzed. RESULTS: All patients received radiotherapy (RT); 185 patients underwent surgery, and 139 patients received chemotherapy. The 5-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional failure-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of the entire cohort were 80.0%, 79.0%, 79.3%, and 80%, respectively. On univariate analyses, R0/R1 resection, early Kadish stage, negative lymph nodes, absence of orbital invasion, and administration of surgery with RT were found to be favorable factors. Conversely, combined sequential treatment with surgery, RT, and chemotherapy was not associated with survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated lymph node status, orbital invasion, and the combination of surgery and RT to be independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with ONB, who had lymph node metastases, orbital invasion diseases, advanced Kadish stages, R2 resection margins, and received RT alone, had poor outcomes. Combined administration of surgery and RT may be a potentially useful strategy in patients with advanced Kadish stages; the role of chemotherapy in these stages requires further evaluation.
OBJECTIVE: The clinical data on olfactory neuroblastomas (ONBs) are scarce owing to their rarity. This study aimed to assess the potential prognostic factors, outcomes, and optimal treatment strategies in patients with ONB. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The data of 217 patients with ONB between 1991 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Long-term survival, potential prognostic factors, and outcomes with combined treatment strategies were analyzed. RESULTS: All patients received radiotherapy (RT); 185 patients underwent surgery, and 139 patients received chemotherapy. The 5-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional failure-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) of the entire cohort were 80.0%, 79.0%, 79.3%, and 80%, respectively. On univariate analyses, R0/R1 resection, early Kadish stage, negative lymph nodes, absence of orbital invasion, and administration of surgery with RT were found to be favorable factors. Conversely, combined sequential treatment with surgery, RT, and chemotherapy was not associated with survival. Multivariate analysis demonstrated lymph node status, orbital invasion, and the combination of surgery and RT to be independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS:Patients with ONB, who had lymph node metastases, orbital invasion diseases, advanced Kadish stages, R2 resection margins, and received RT alone, had poor outcomes. Combined administration of surgery and RT may be a potentially useful strategy in patients with advanced Kadish stages; the role of chemotherapy in these stages requires further evaluation.
Authors: Matt Lechner; Yoko Takahashi; Mario Turri-Zanoni; Jacklyn Liu; Nicholas Counsell; Mario Hermsen; Raman Preet Kaur; Tianna Zhao; Murugappan Ramanathan; Volker H Schartinger; Oscar Emanuel; Sam Helman; Jordan Varghese; Jozsef Dudas; Herbert Riechelmann; Susanne Sprung; Johannes Haybaeck; David Howard; Nils Wolfgang Engel; Sarah Stewart; Laura Brooks; Jessica C Pickles; Thomas S Jacques; Tim R Fenton; Luke Williams; Francis M Vaz; Paul O'Flynn; Paul Stimpson; Simon Wang; S Alam Hannan; Samit Unadkat; Jonathan Hughes; Raghav Dwivedi; Cillian T Forde; Premjit Randhawa; Simon Gane; Jonathan Joseph; Peter J Andrews; Gary Royle; Alessandro Franchi; Roberta Maragliano; Simonetta Battocchio; Helen Bewicke-Copley; Christodoulos Pipinikas; Amy Webster; Chrissie Thirlwell; Debbie Ho; Andrew Teschendorff; Tianyu Zhu; Christopher D Steele; Nischalan Pillay; Bart Vanhaesebroeck; Ahmed Mohyeldin; Juan Fernandez-Miranda; Ki Wan Park; Quynh-Thu Le; Robert B West; Rami Saade; R Peter Manes; Sacit Bulent Omay; Eugenia M Vining; Benjamin L Judson; Wendell G Yarbrough; Maddalena Sansovini; Nicolini Silvia; Ilaria Grassi; Alberto Bongiovanni; David Capper; Ulrich Schüller; Selvam Thavaraj; Ann Sandison; Pavol Surda; Claire Hopkins; Marco Ferrari; Davide Mattavelli; Vittorio Rampinelli; Fabio Facchetti; Piero Nicolai; Paolo Bossi; Oswaldo A Henriquez; Kelly Magliocca; C Arturo Solares; Sarah K Wise; Jose L Llorente; Zara M Patel; Jayakar V Nayak; Peter H Hwang; Peter D Lacy; Robbie Woods; James P O'Neill; Amrita Jay; Dawn Carnell; Martin D Forster; Masaru Ishii; Nyall R London; Diana M Bell; Gary L Gallia; Paolo Castelnuovo; Stefano Severi; Valerie J Lund; Ehab Y Hanna Journal: Eur J Cancer Date: 2021-12-31 Impact factor: 10.002