Michael Doulberis1,2,3, Georgios Kotronis4, Dimitra Gialamprinou5, Stergios A Polyzos3, Apostolis Papaefthymiou2, Panagiotis Katsinelos2, Jannis Kountouras2. 1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece. 3. First Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece. 4. Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Agios Pavlos of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Papageorgiou University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a leading cause of global burden with great impact on societies. Although research is working intensively on promising therapy, the problem remains up-to-date. Among the various proposed hypotheses regarding causality and therapy, emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that gastrointestinal microbiota through the so-called 'gut-brain axis' interacts with immune system and brain and shape the balance between homeostasis and disease; the involvement of gastrointestinal microbiota in the pathophysiology of AD is less defined, even though the role of 'gut-brain axis' has been well verified for other neurodegenerative conditions. Methods: We performed a systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE database from 1st January 1990 to 17th October 2018, to investigate the accessible literature regarding possible association between AD and gastrointestinal microbiota. Inclusion criteria were available full text in English language, original clinical papers implicating AD patients and any sort of gastrointestinal microbiota. Results: Through our query, an initial number of 241 papers has been identified. After removing duplicates and through an additional manual search, twenty-four papers met our inclusion criteria. The great majority of eligible publications supported a possible connection between AD and gastrointestinal microbiota. The most common investigated microorganism was Helicobacter pylori. Conclusion: Our own systematic review, showed a possible association between AD and gastrointestinal microbiota mainly including Helicobacter pylori, and thus further research is required for substantiation of causality as well as for the establishment of promising novel therapies.
Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a leading cause of global burden with great impact on societies. Although research is working intensively on promising therapy, the problem remains up-to-date. Among the various proposed hypotheses regarding causality and therapy, emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that gastrointestinal microbiota through the so-called 'gut-brain axis' interacts with immune system and brain and shape the balance between homeostasis and disease; the involvement of gastrointestinal microbiota in the pathophysiology of AD is less defined, even though the role of 'gut-brain axis' has been well verified for other neurodegenerative conditions. Methods: We performed a systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE database from 1st January 1990 to 17th October 2018, to investigate the accessible literature regarding possible association between AD and gastrointestinal microbiota. Inclusion criteria were available full text in English language, original clinical papers implicating ADpatients and any sort of gastrointestinal microbiota. Results: Through our query, an initial number of 241 papers has been identified. After removing duplicates and through an additional manual search, twenty-four papers met our inclusion criteria. The great majority of eligible publications supported a possible connection between AD and gastrointestinal microbiota. The most common investigated microorganism was Helicobacter pylori. Conclusion: Our own systematic review, showed a possible association between AD and gastrointestinal microbiota mainly including Helicobacter pylori, and thus further research is required for substantiation of causality as well as for the establishment of promising novel therapies.
Authors: Bassma H Elwakil; Basant A Bakr; Mohammed M Aljeldah; Nourhan S Shehata; Yahya H Shahin; Zakia A Olama; Maria Augustyniak; Mourad A M Aboul-Soud; Abeer El Wakil Journal: Pathogens Date: 2022-08-18