| Literature DB >> 32123451 |
Julio Cesar Gali1,2, David Braz Del Giglio1,2, Luís Fernando Patriarcha1,2, Bruno Azi Pacileo Cruz1,2, Julio Cesar Gali Filho3.
Abstract
Objective To evaluate possible connections between the weight and height of patients submitted to total knee arthroplasty (TKA), with the length, width and area of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fovea, as verified during surgery. Methods A total of 33 proximal tibial joint surfaces, obtained from TKA tibial sections of 33 patients, were used in the present study. The ACL was resected with a delicate scalpel to expose the ACL tibial fovea. Then the periphery of this fovea was delimited with a marker pen by means of small dots. Each piece was photographed, and the ACL tibial fovea length, width, and area were measured with the ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) software. Statistical analysis studied the correlation between anthropometrics data of the patients and the measurements of the ACL tibial fovea. Results The ACL tibial fovea length, width, and area were, respectively, 11.7 ± 2.0 mm, 7.1 ± 1.4 mm and 151.3 ± 22.2 mm 2 . There was a statistically significant relationship between the height of the patients and the width of the ACL tibial fovea. The width of the ACL fovea could be predicted by the formula: width = 107.294-(133.179 × height) + (44.009 × squared height). Conclusion The height of the patients may predict the width of the ACL tibial fovea, and therefore, may allow surgeons to choose the more adequate graft for each patient in ACL reconstruction.Entities:
Keywords: anatomy; anterior cruciate ligament; tibia
Year: 2019 PMID: 32123451 PMCID: PMC7048571 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700816
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Fig. 1Superior view of the tibial superior articular face, removed at arthroplasty, with the delimitation of the ACL fovea and the definition of its length and width. Source: File provided by the institution.
Sample Homogeneity and Normality
|
Levene
| Shapiro-Wilk | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Statistic | DF | Sig. | Statistic | DF | Sig. | |
| Age | 0.686 | 31 | 0.414 | 0.957 | 33 | 0.208 |
| Weight | 0.173 | 31 | 0.68 | 0.973 | 33 | 0.554 |
| Height | 2.337 | 31 | 0.136 | 0.928 | 33 | 0.030 |
| Width | 0.929 | 31 | 0.343 | 0.850 | 33 | 0.000 |
| Length | 0.437 | 31 | 0.514 | 0.977 | 33 | 0.680 |
| Area | 1.967 | 31 | 0.171 | 0.831 | 33 | 0.000 |
Abbreviation: DF, degrees of freedom (sample size - the number of estimated parameters).
Source: File provided by the institution.
Grouping variable: Gender.
Distribution of patients and all outcomes
| PATIENT | AGE | GENDER | WEIGHT | HEIGHT | SIDE | WIDTH | LENGTH | AREA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kg | m | mm | mm | mm 2 | ||||
| 1 | 69 | F | 51 | 1.48 | R | 5.96 | 10.27 | 50.4 |
| 2 | 72 | M | 73 | 1.62 | L | 6.29 | 10.10 | 52.8 |
| 3 | 60 | M | 79 | 1.65 | L | 7.55 | 14.27 | 78.9 |
| 4 | 67 | F | 80 | 1.58 | R | 7.03 | 12.16 | 61.8 |
| 5 | 66 | F | 77 | 1.53 | L | 7.92 | 11.92 | 67.1 |
| 6 | 72 | M | 108 | 1.64 | L | 6.48 | 9.70 | 49.4 |
| 7 | 75 | F | 80 | 1.50 | R | 5.09 | 9.56 | 35.8 |
| 8 | 68 | F | 85 | 1.57 | R | 6.76 | 9.52 | 49.2 |
| 9 | 81 | M | 70 | 1.70 | R | 7.22 | 10.97 | 52.3 |
| 10 | 79 | F | 69 | 1.50 | L | 6.99 | 11.38 | 51.2 |
| 11 | 81 | M | 70 | 1.70 | L | 6.11 | 9.44 | 51.3 |
| 12 | 62 | F | 77 | 1.56 | L | 7.87 | 14.62 | 88.2 |
| 13 | 62 | M | 76 | 1.78 | R | 8.75 | 15.86 | 90.8 |
| 14 | 58 | F | 72 | 1.50 | R | 6.96 | 10.13 | 47.7 |
| 15 | 74 | M | 81 | 1.60 | R | 8.33 | 12.98 | 76.6 |
| 16 | 64 | M | 71 | 1.62 | R | 7.52 | 11.68 | 68.0 |
| 17 | 70 | F | 94 | 1.58 | L | 7.60 | 12.65 | 70.4 |
| 18 | 83 | F | 89 | 1.55 | L | 7.13 | 10.85 | 51.0 |
| 19 | 62 | F | 84 | 1.60 | R | 7.00 | 10.75 | 52.9 |
| 20 | 58 | M | 88 | 1.64 | L | 8.46 | 12.20 | 66.5 |
| 21 | 72 | F | 63 | 1.50 | L | 5.13 | 8.62 | 33.4 |
| 22 | 62 | F | 62 | 1.49 | R | 6.96 | 13.26 | 68.9 |
| 23 | 60 | M | 92 | 1.64 | R | 7.32 | 11.89 | 61.9 |
| 24 | 68 | M | 66 | 1.58 | R | 8.16 | 14.10 | 96.6 |
| 25 | 73 | F | 60 | 1.50 | L | 4.87 | 10.69 | 40.0 |
| 26 | 71 | M | 84 | 1.58 | R | 6.56 | 11.54 | 56.2 |
| 27 | 65 | F | 90 | 1.55 | R | 4.98 | 13.11 | 54.0 |
| 28 | 66 | F | 73 | 1.45 | L | 7.13 | 11.84 | 66.0 |
| 29 | 77 | M | 76 | 1.64 | R | 6.23 | 13.13 | 60.1 |
| 30 | 64 | F | 108 | 1.60 | L | 7.34 | 10.00 | 53.7 |
| 31 | 73 | F | 77 | 1.55 | R | 5.90 | 8.06 | 37.3 |
| 32 | 83 | F | 75 | 1.53 | R | 7.74 | 14.51 | 84.1 |
| 33 | 79 | M | 88 | 1.85 | L | 12.80 | 16.69 | 151.3 |
| MINIMUM | 58.00 | H 14 | 51.00 | 1.45 | R 18 | 4.87 | 8.06 | 33.40 |
| MAXIMUM | 83.00 | M 19 | 108.00 | 1.85 | L 15 | 12.80 | 16.69 | 151.30 |
| MEAN | 69.58 | 78.42 | 1.59 | 7.10 | 11.77 | 62.90 | ||
| STANDARD DEVIATION | 7.391001 | 12.36434 | 0.086446 | 1.430719 | 2.052747789 | 22.29646111 |
Source: File provided by the institution.
Fig. 2Relationship between the variables of height and width of the patients and the tibial insertion of the ACL. Source: File provided by the institution.
Fig. 3Quadratic relationship between the variables of height and width of the patients and the ACL tibial insertion. Source: File provided by the institution.
Description of the various ACL tibial insertion measures, authors, year of publication, reference and method of evaluation
| Reference | Length (mm) | Width (mm) | Ratio L/W | Area (mm 2 ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Morgan et al.
| 18 | 10 | 1.8 | NE |
|
Park et al.
| 13.8 | 9.8 | 1.4 | NE |
|
Park et al.
| 14.3 | 10.2 | 1.4 | NE |
|
Tállay et aI.
| 19.5 ± 2.6 | 10.3 ± 1.9 | 1.89 | NE |
|
Kim et aI.
| 13.8 | 7.2 | 1.91 | NE |
|
Kopf et aI.
| 17,0 ± 2,0 | AM 9,2 ± 1,1 | – | NE |
| PL 7,0 ± 1,0 | – | |||
|
Guenther et al.
| 16.3 ± 1.6 | 9.7 ± 1.4 | 1.65 | 123.8 ± 21.5 |
|
Guenther et al.
| 16.1 ± 2.6 | 9.6 ± 1.5 | 1.67 | NE |
|
Edwards et al.
| 18 ± 2 | 9 ± 2 | 2.0 | NE |
|
Purnell et al.
| 10.7 ± 1.3 | 7.4 ± 1.2 | 1.44 | NE |
|
Ferretti et al.
| 18.1 ± 2.8 | 9 ± 2 | 2.0 | NE |
|
Siebold et al.
| 12.6 ± 2.3 | NE | – | 110.9 ± 14.7 |
|
Fujimaki et al.
| NE | NE | – | 175.8 ± 64.3 |
|
Tampere et al.
| NE | NE | – | 159.2 |
|
Iriuchishima et aI.
| NE | NE | – | 133.8 ± 31.3 |
|
Guenther et al.
| 16.6 ± 1.3 | 10.2 ± 1.0 | 1.62 | 132.8 ± 15.7 |
|
Guenther et al.
| 16.7 ± 1.3 | 10.4 ± 0.9 | 1.60 | 136.7 ± 15.4 |
|
Tashiro et al.
| 15.6 ± 1,8 | 14.5 ± 2.2 | 1.07 | 182.7 ± 41.1 |
|
Ichiba et al.
| 15.2 ± 1.9 | NE | – | NA |
|
Araki et al.
| NE | NE | – | 134.7 ± 22.9 |
|
Kim et aI.
| 12.4 | 8.8 | 1.40 | NA |
|
Araki et al.
| NE | NE | – | 135.2 ± 15.1 |
|
Our results
| 11.7 ± 2.0 | 7.1 ± 1.4 | 1.64 | 151.3 ± 22.29 |
Abbreviations: AM, anteromedial; NE, not evaluated; PL, posterolateral.
Source: File provided by the institution.
in arthroplasties.
in arthroscopies.
in the dissection of corpses.
by magnetic resonance.
by laser scan.
observer 1.
observer 2.
Fig. 1Visão superior da face articular superior tibial, retirada na artroplastia, com a delimitação da fóvea do LCA e a definição de seu comprimento e largura. Fonte: Arquivo cedido pela instituição.
Homogeneidade e Normalidade da Amostra
|
Levene
| Shapiro-Wilk | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estatistica | gl | Sig. | Estatistica | gl | Sig. | |
| Idade | 0,686 | 31 | 0,414 | 0,957 | 33 | 0,208 |
| Peso | 0,173 | 31 | 0,68 | 0,973 | 33 | 0,554 |
| Altura | 2,337 | 31 | 0,136 | 0,928 | 33 | 0,030 |
| Largura | 0,929 | 31 | 0,343 | 0,850 | 33 | 0,000 |
| Comprimento | 0,437 | 31 | 0,514 | 0,977 | 33 | 0,680 |
| Área | 1,967 | 31 | 0,171 | 0,831 | 33 | 0,000 |
Abbreviation: GL, graus de liberdade (tamanho da amostra- o número de parãmetros estimados).
Fonte: Arquivo cedido pela instituição.
Variável de agrupamento: gênero.
Distribuição dos pacientes e de todos os resultados
| PACIENTE | IDADE | GÊNERO | PESO | ALTURA | LADO | LARGURA | COMPRIMENTO | ÁREA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kg | m | mm | mm | mm 2 | ||||
| 1 | 69 | F | 51 | 1,48 | D | 5,96 | 10,27 | 50,4 |
| 2 | 72 | M | 73 | 1,62 | E | 6,29 | 10,10 | 52,8 |
| 3 | 60 | M | 79 | 1,65 | E | 7,55 | 14,27 | 78,9 |
| 4 | 67 | F | 80 | 1,58 | D | 7,03 | 12,16 | 61,8 |
| 5 | 66 | F | 77 | 1,53 | E | 7,92 | 11,92 | 67,1 |
| 6 | 72 | M | 108 | 1,64 | E | 6,48 | 9,70 | 49,4 |
| 7 | 75 | F | 80 | 1,50 | D | 5,09 | 9,56 | 35,8 |
| 8 | 68 | F | 85 | 1,57 | D | 6,76 | 9,52 | 49,2 |
| 9 | 81 | M | 70 | 1,70 | D | 7,22 | 10,97 | 52,3 |
| 10 | 79 | F | 69 | 1,50 | E | 6,99 | 11,38 | 51,2 |
| 11 | 81 | M | 70 | 1,70 | E | 6,11 | 9,44 | 51,3 |
| 12 | 62 | F | 77 | 1,56 | E | 7,87 | 14,62 | 88,2 |
| 13 | 62 | M | 76 | 1,78 | D | 8,75 | 15,86 | 90,8 |
| 14 | 58 | F | 72 | 1,50 | D | 6,96 | 10,13 | 47,7 |
| 15 | 74 | M | 81 | 1,60 | D | 8,33 | 12,98 | 76,6 |
| 16 | 64 | M | 71 | 1,62 | D | 7,52 | 11,68 | 68,0 |
| 17 | 70 | F | 94 | 1,58 | E | 7,60 | 12,65 | 70,4 |
| 18 | 83 | F | 89 | 1,55 | E | 7,13 | 10,85 | 51,0 |
| 19 | 62 | F | 84 | 1,60 | D | 7,00 | 10,75 | 52,9 |
| 20 | 58 | M | 88 | 1,64 | E | 8,46 | 12,20 | 66,5 |
| 21 | 72 | F | 63 | 1,50 | E | 5,13 | 8,62 | 33,4 |
| 22 | 62 | F | 62 | 1,49 | D | 6,96 | 13,26 | 68,9 |
| 23 | 60 | M | 92 | 1,64 | D | 7,32 | 11,89 | 61,9 |
| 24 | 68 | M | 66 | 1,58 | D | 8,16 | 14,10 | 96,6 |
| 25 | 73 | F | 60 | 1,50 | E | 4,87 | 10,69 | 40,0 |
| 26 | 71 | M | 84 | 1,58 | D | 6,56 | 11,54 | 56,2 |
| 27 | 65 | F | 90 | 1,55 | D | 4,98 | 13,11 | 54,0 |
| 28 | 66 | F | 73 | 1,45 | E | 7,13 | 11,84 | 66,0 |
| 29 | 77 | M | 76 | 1,64 | D | 6,23 | 13,13 | 60,1 |
| 30 | 64 | F | 108 | 1,60 | E | 7,34 | 10,00 | 53,7 |
| 31 | 73 | F | 77 | 1,55 | D | 5,90 | 8,06 | 37,3 |
| 32 | 83 | F | 75 | 1,53 | D | 7,74 | 14,51 | 84,1 |
| 33 | 79 | M | 88 | 1,85 | E | 12,80 | 16,69 | 151,3 |
| MÍNIMO | 58,00 | H 14 | 51,00 | 1,45 | D 18 | 4,87 | 8,06 | 33,40 |
| MÁXIMO | 83,00 | M 19 | 108,00 | 1,85 | E 15 | 12,80 | 16,69 | 151,30 |
| MÉDIA | 69,58 | 78,42 | 1,59 | 7,10 | 11,77 | 62,90 | ||
| DESVIO PADRÃO | 7,391001 | 12,36434 | 0,086446 | 1,430719 | 2,052747789 | 22,29646111 |
Fonte: Arquivo cedido pela instituição.
Fig. 2Relação entre as variáveis altura dos pacientes e a largura da inserção tibial do LCA. Fonte: Arquivo cedido pela instituição.
Fig. 3Relação quadrática entre as variáveis altura dos pacientes e a largura da inserção tibial do LCA. Fonte: Arquivo cedido pela instituição.
Descrição das diversas medidas da inserção tibial do LCA, autores, ano de publicação, referência e o método de avaliação
| Referência | Comprimento (mm) | Largura (mm) | Razão C/L | Área (mm 2 ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Morgan et al
| 18 | 10 | 1,8 | NA |
|
Park et al
| 13,8 | 9,8 | 1,4 | NA |
|
Park et al
| 14,3 | 10,2 | 1,4 | NA |
|
Tállay et aI
| 19,5 ± 2,6 | 10,3 ± 1,9 | 1,89 | NA |
|
Kim et aI
| 13,8 | 7,2 | 1,91 | NA |
|
Kopf et al
| 17,0 ± 2,0 | AM 9,2 ± 1,1 | – | NA |
| PL 7,0 ± 1,0 | – | |||
|
Guenther et al
| 16,3 ± 1,6 | 9,7 ± 1,4 | 1,65 | 123,8 ± 21,5 |
|
Guenther et al
| 16,1 ± 2,6 | 9,6 ± 1,5 | 1,67 | NA |
|
Edwards et al
| 18 ± 2 | 9 ± 2 | 2,0 | NA |
|
Purnell et al
| 10,7 ± 1,3 | 7,4 ± 1,2 | 1,44 | NA |
|
Ferretti et al
| 18,1 ± 2,8 | 9 ± 2 | 2,0 | NA |
|
Siebold et al
| 12,6 ± 2,3 | NA | – | 110,9 ± 14,7 |
|
Fujimaki et al
| NA | NA | – | 175,8 ± 64,3 |
|
Tampere et al
| NA | NA | – | 159,2 |
|
Iriuchishima et aI
| NA | NA | – | 133,8 ± 31,3 |
|
Guenther et al
| 16,6 ± 1,3 | 10,2 ± 1,0 | 1,62 | 132,8 ± 15,7 |
|
Guenther et al
| 16,7 ± 1,3 | 10,4 ± 0,9 | 1,60 | 136,7 ± 15,4 |
|
Tashiro et al
| 15,6 ± 1,8 | 14,5 ± 2,2 | 1,07 | 182,7 ± 41,1 |
|
Ichiba et al
| 15,2 ± 1,9 | NA | – | NA |
|
Araki et al
| NA | NA | – | 134,7 ± 22,9 |
|
Kim et aI
| 12,4 | 8,8 | 1,40 | NA |
|
Araki et al
| NA | NA | – | 135,2 ± 15,1 |
|
Nossos resultados
| 11,7 ± 2,0 | 7,1 ± 1,4 | 1,64 | 151,3 ± 22,29 |
Abbreviatlons: AM, anteromedial; NA, não avaliado; PL, posterolateral.
Fonte: Arquivo cedido pela instituição.
em artroplastias.
em artroscopias.
na dissecção de cadáveres.
por ressonância magnética.
por varredura a laser.
observador 1.
observador 2.